Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

30 results found in Motor Disability.

Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS)
A rare progressive neurological disease affecting the upper motor neurons, causing weakness and stiffness in the voluntary muscles, particularly in the legs, arms, and tongue. Unlike amyotrophic later…
Repetitive Stress Injury (RSI, Repetitive Strain Injury, Repetitive Motion Injury, Cumulative Trauma Disorder)
A group of conditions caused by repetitive movements, forceful exertions, or sustained awkward postures over extended periods, resulting in damage to muscles, tendons, nerves, or other soft tissues. I…
Spasm (Muscle Spasm, Spasticity)
A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles that can cause uncontrolled movement or a temporary inability to move. Spasms are common in conditions such as cerebral palsy, spinal …
Spastic Cerebral Palsy (Spastic CP)
The most common subtype of cerebral palsy, characterised by stiff or tight muscles (hypertonia) and exaggerated reflexes, caused by damage to the motor cortex or corticospinal tracts of the developing…
Spastic Quadriplegia (Spastic Tetraplegia)
The most severe subtype of spastic cerebral palsy, characterised by stiff, tight muscles (spasticity) and significantly reduced voluntary movement in all four limbs and often the trunk. People with sp…
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration of spinal cord motor neurons, atrophy of skeletal muscles, and generalized weakness. Aff…
Switch Keyboard (Scanning Keyboard, On-Screen Scanning Keyboard)
A switch keyboard is a virtual keyboard interface designed for people with severe motor disabilities who cannot use a standard keyboard or pointing device. It works through a scanning mechanism: a cur…
Tetraparesis (Quadriparesis)
Partial weakness or reduced voluntary movement affecting all four limbs, commonly caused by cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury, or neuromuscular disease. Tetraparesis sits on a spectrum with tetrapleg…
Upper-Limb Amputation (Upper Limb Amputation, Arm Amputation)
The surgical or traumatic removal of all or part of an arm — including transhumeral (above elbow), transradial (below elbow), wrist disarticulation, and partial-hand levels. People with upper-limb amp…
Upper-Limb Prosthetic (Upper Limb Prosthesis, Arm Prosthetic, Hand Prosthetic)
A prosthetic device that replaces or augments part or all of a missing upper limb — fingers, hand, wrist, forearm, or full arm. Upper-limb prosthetics range from passive cosmetic devices and body-powe…