Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

32 results found in Screen Reader.

Probing (Link Probing, Exploratory Browsing)
Probing is a browsing behavior where a user follows a link to see where it leads and then immediately returns to the previous page. It is commonly observed among blind and screen reader users as a cop…
Screen Reader Proxy
An interface that sits between an automated agent or testing tool and an application, translating programmatic inputs (swipe, double-tap, type) into genuine screen reader gestures and capturing the re…
Screen Reader/2 (IBM Screen Reader/2, SR/2)
Screen Reader/2 was an early screen reader developed by IBM for the OS/2 operating system, first released in the early 1990s. It was one of the pioneering commercial screen readers, providing blind an…
Self-Voicing Interface (Self-Voicing, Self-Voicing Application)
A software application or interface that includes its own built-in speech output capability, rather than relying on a separate screen reader to interpret and voice its content. Self-voicing interfaces…
Speech-Based Navigation (Audio Navigation, Speech-Based Web Navigation)
A method of navigating digital content, particularly web pages, using synthesised speech output rather than visual display. In speech-based navigation, users listen to content read aloud sequentially …
Table Linearization (Table Serialization)
Table linearization is the process of converting a two-dimensional HTML table into a one-dimensional sequence of text for non-visual presentation. When a screen reader linearizes a table, it reads the…
Table Navigation Mode (Table Navigation)
A screen reader feature that allows users to navigate within data tables by moving a virtual cursor cell-by-cell in two dimensions — by row and by column — rather than reading content linearly. Introd…
Tag Order (Source Order, DOM Order, Reading Order)
The sequential order in which HTML elements appear in the source code of a web page, which determines the order in which screen readers and other assistive technologies present content to users. When …
Tree Navigation (Hierarchical Navigation, Tree View Navigation)
The process of moving through and exploring hierarchical data structures (trees) such as file systems, program structures, organizational charts, or menu systems. In accessible computing, tree navigat…
Visual Fragmentation (Visual Grouping, Visually Fragmented Grouping)
The design practice of organizing web page content into distinct visual groups using layout techniques such as background colors, tables, spacing, horizontal lines, and borders. Sighted users perceive…
WebAnywhere
A web-based, self-voicing screen reader developed at the University of Washington that enabled blind users to access the web from any computer with an Internet connection and sound output, without ins…
Window-Eyes
A commercial screen reader for Microsoft Windows developed by GW Micro that was one of the leading assistive technologies for blind computer users from the 1990s through the 2010s. Window-Eyes provide…