Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

259 results found in cognitive accessibility.

Useful Field of View (UFOV, Functional Visual Field)
The useful field of view (UFOV) is the area of the visual field from which a person can extract information in a single glance without moving their eyes or head. Unlike the anatomical visual field, th…
Variable Ability (Fluctuating Ability, Dynamic Disability)
The characteristic of many chronic illnesses and disabilities where a person's functional abilities change significantly over time — across days, hours, or even minutes. Variable ability includes both…
Visual Attention Span (VAS, Visual Attention Window)
The number of distinct visual elements that can be processed simultaneously in a single glance. Visual attention span is a cognitive capacity linked to reading ability — when reading, the eyes fixate …
Visual Clutter (Visual Noise, Visual Complexity)
An excess of visual elements in an environment or interface that makes it difficult to locate, identify, or focus on relevant information. Visual clutter is a significant barrier for people with cereb…
Visual Distraction (Visual Clutter, Visual Noise)
Visual elements in an interface or content that draw attention away from the primary content or task, including animated advertisements, moving backgrounds, decorative overlays, notification badges, r…
Visual Search Strategy (Scanning Strategy, Visual Scanning)
Systematic approaches to visually exploring an environment or scene to locate specific objects, patterns, or information. In low-vision rehabilitation, therapists train clients in efficient search str…
Visualization Literacy (Data Visualization Literacy, Graphical Literacy, Graph Literacy)
The ability to read, interpret, and extract meaningful insights from visual data representations such as charts, graphs, maps, and infographics. Visualization literacy encompasses skills like identify…
Visuospatial Attention (Visual-Spatial Attention, Visuospatial Processing)
The cognitive ability to attend to, process, and mentally manipulate visual and spatial information in the environment. Visuospatial attention involves orienting to locations in space, tracking object…
Wayfinding (Navigation, Orientation)
The process by which people orient themselves and navigate through physical or digital environments. Accessible wayfinding encompasses multiple modalities: visual signage with sufficient contrast and …
Weak Central Coherence (WCC, Central Coherence Theory)
A cognitive theory proposing that individuals with autism tend to process information in a detail-focused, piecemeal way rather than integrating it into a coherent whole. In the context of web accessi…
Web disorientation (Lost in hyperspace, Navigation disorientation)
The feeling of being lost or confused while navigating websites, characterized by difficulty knowing one's current location within a site, how to return to previously visited pages, or how to find des…
Williams Syndrome (Williams-Beuren Syndrome, WBS)
A rare genetic condition caused by the deletion of approximately 26 genes on chromosome 7, characterized by cardiovascular problems, distinctive facial features, and a unique cognitive profile that ty…
Word Frequency (Lexical Frequency)
A measure of how often a word occurs in a given language or text corpus. High-frequency words like common function words are encountered regularly and recognized quickly, while low-frequency words are…
Word Retrieval (Word Finding, Lexical Retrieval)
The cognitive process of accessing and selecting the correct word from memory to express an intended meaning during writing or speech. People with dyslexia frequently experience word retrieval difficu…
Word-Finding Difficulty (Anomia, Word Retrieval Difficulty, Tip-of-the-Tongue)
A common symptom of aphasia where a person knows what they want to say but cannot retrieve the correct word. Word-finding difficulties can range from occasional pauses to severe impairment where even …
Worker Assistance System (Digital Worker Assistance, Cognitive Assistance System)
Technology systems that support workers during the execution of work processes by providing interactive step-by-step instructions through text, images, videos, audio, and spatial hints. These systems …
Working Memory
The cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information needed for complex tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension. Working memory is a core executive functi…
Working memory (Short-term memory)
The cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding and manipulating information during complex tasks such as language comprehension, reasoning, and decision-making. Working memory has limited ca…
Written Choice (Written Choice Technique)
A therapeutic communication technique used with individuals who have aphasia, in which a conversation partner asks a question and then provides anticipated written answers for the person to choose fro…