Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
125 results found in deaf and hard of hearing.
- Graphic Captions (Visual Captions, Animated Captions)
- A captioning approach that uses visual elements such as GIFs, animated stickers, icons, or emojis to represent sounds in audio-visual content, as an alternative or complement to traditional text-based…
- Graphic Score (Graphical Notation, Visual Music Score)
- A form of musical notation that uses visual symbols, shapes, colors, and spatial arrangements rather than traditional staff notation to represent musical ideas and instructions. Graphic scores communi…
- Haptic Music Technology (Vibrotactile Music Systems, Haptic Music Interfaces)
- Technologies that convey musical information through touch, typically using vibrotactile feedback to transmit sound properties such as rhythm, frequency, and amplitude to the body. Haptic music techno…
- Hard of Hearing (HoH, HH)
- A term describing people with hearing loss ranging from mild to severe who typically have some functional hearing, often with the assistance of hearing aids or other amplification devices. Unlike many…
- Hearing Aid (HA, BTE, Behind-the-Ear)
- An electronic device worn in or behind the ear that amplifies sound for individuals with hearing loss. Modern hearing aids include features such as Bluetooth connectivity, directional microphones, and…
- Hearing Loss (Hearing Impairment, Hard of Hearing, Deafness)
- A partial or total inability to hear sounds, ranging from mild hearing loss to profound deafness. Hearing loss can be congenital or acquired, and becomes increasingly common with age, affecting approx…
- Hornbostel-Sachs Classification (Hornbostel-Sachs System, Sachs-Hornbostel)
- A comprehensive system for classifying musical instruments based on how they produce sound, originally developed by Erich von Hornbostel and Curt Sachs in 1914. The system divides instruments into fou…
- Hybrid Search (Hybrid sign-language search)
- A sign-language dictionary search pattern that combines search-by-video (a user performs the sign into a camera for sign recognition to match) with search-by-feature (manual filtering of the candidate…
- Hyperarticulation (Clear Speech, Over-Articulation)
- A speaking style in which a person exaggerates the clarity of their pronunciation by moving their tongue and mouth to more extreme positions, producing more distinct vowel and consonant sounds. Hypera…
- Indian Sign Language (ISL, Indo-Pakistani Sign Language, IPSL)
- The sign language used predominantly by the Deaf community in India. Indian Sign Language has its own distinct grammar and vocabulary that differs substantially from American Sign Language (ASL) and o…
- Individual Sign Language Recognition (ISLR, Word-Level Sign Recognition, Isolated Sign Recognition)
- A machine learning task focused on recognizing individual signs from a sign language, translating single signs independently without considering surrounding context. Unlike continuous sign language re…
- Informed Consent Accessibility (Accessible Informed Consent, Accessible Consent Process)
- The practice of making informed consent documents and processes fully accessible to people with disabilities, ensuring they can understand the information being presented and make genuinely informed d…
- Interpretive Agency (Viewer Agency)
- The capacity of an audience member to form their own independent understanding and emotional response to content, free from imposed interpretations. In the context of media accessibility, interpretive…
- Japanese Sign Language (JSL, Nihon Shuwa)
- The primary sign language used by the Deaf community in Japan. Japanese Sign Language (JSL) is a distinct natural language with its own grammar, vocabulary, and syntax that differs significantly from …
- Joint Bilingual Navigation (Bilingual Form Navigation, Dual-Language Navigation)
- An interface design approach that allows users to interact with digital content simultaneously in two languages through different modalities. In the context of Deaf accessibility, joint bilingual navi…
- Kenyan Sign Language (KSL)
- The primary sign language used by the deaf community in Kenya, recognized as a national language in Kenya's 2010 Constitution. KSL has its own grammar, syntax, and vocabulary distinct from spoken Kisw…
- Language Accessibility (Linguistic Accessibility)
- The practice of ensuring that information, services, and digital content are available and comprehensible in the languages that people actually use and prefer. Language accessibility extends beyond tr…
- Late Deafened (Adventitiously Deaf, Acquired Deafness)
- Late deafened refers to individuals who became deaf after developing spoken language, typically in adolescence or adulthood. Unlike people who are born deaf or become deaf in early childhood, late-dea…
- Lip-reading (Speechreading, Speech Reading, Visual Speech Perception)
- The practice of understanding speech by visually interpreting the movements of the lips, face, and tongue, often used by deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals as a communication strategy. Lip-reading r…
- Live Captioning (Real-Time Captioning, Live Captions)
- The process of converting spoken language into text displayed in real time, enabling Deaf and hard of hearing individuals to follow live audio content such as meetings, lectures, broadcasts, and event…