Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

48 results found in linguistics.

Signing Space (Sign Space)
The three-dimensional area in front of a signer where sign language is produced, typically extending from waist to head height and shoulder width to either side. In American Sign Language and other si…
Spatial Grammar (Spatial Syntax)
Spatial grammar is the set of grammatical rules that signed languages express through the three-dimensional signing space in front of the signer, rather than through linear word order. Signers establi…
Spatial Inflection (Verb Agreement, Directional Verb, Inflecting Verb)
A grammatical process in sign languages where the motion path and orientation of a verb sign are modified based on the 3D locations in space that have been assigned to its subject and/or object during…
Stokoe Notation (Stokoe System)
A notational system for representing the formational components of sign language signs, devised by William C. Stokoe for the 1965 Dictionary of American Sign Language on Linguistic Principles. The sys…
Syntactic NMS (Syntactic Non-Manual Sign)
Non-manual signs that define sentence types and grammatical structure in sign languages. In ASL, syntactic NMS include raised eyebrows for Yes/No questions, furrowed brows and forward head tilt for WH…
Verb Inflection (Sign Language Verb Inflection, Directional Verbs)
In sign languages, verb inflection refers to the modification of a verb sign's movement path, speed, or direction to encode grammatical information such as subject, object, number, and aspect. Unlike …
Visual Language (Visuo-Gestural Language)
A language that uses the visual-gestural modality for communication, as opposed to the auditory-vocal modality of spoken languages. Sign languages are visual languages that encode information through …
Word importance (Lexical importance, Information content)
A measure of how critical a specific word is to the overall meaning of a sentence, typically computed using neural language models that estimate how predictable a word is from its context. In captioni…