Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• The Sem-Lex Benchmark: Modeling ASL Signs and their Phonemes

  Lee Kezar, Jesse Thomason, Naomi Caselli, Zed Sehyr, Elana Pontecorvo (2023) — ASSETS '23: Proceedings of the 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This paper introduces the Sem-Lex Benchmark, the largest curated dataset of its kind for American Sign Language (ASL) isolated sign recognition, containing over 84,000 videos of isolated sign productions from 41 deaf ASL signers. The dataset addresse…

  • sign language recognition
  • American Sign Language
  • machine learning
  • phonology
  • dataset
  • deaf accessibility
  • computer vision
  • benchmark

• Towards an AI-Driven Video-Based American Sign Language Dictionary: Exploring Design and Usage Experience with Learners

  Saad Hassan, Matyas Bohacek, Chaelin Kim, Denise Crochet (2025) — Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents the design, implementation, and user evaluation of a fully automated video-based American Sign Language (ASL) dictionary that allows learners to look up unfamiliar signs by recording themselves performing the sign via webcam. Unli…

  • sign language technology
  • ASL dictionary
  • sign language recognition
  • video-based search
  • language learning
  • AI-driven accessibility

• Joint Bilingual Navigation of Informed Consent and Intake Forms in American Sign Language and Written English

  Matthew Seita, Michaela Usha, Rachel Skwersky, Poorna Kushalnagar, Raja Kushalnagar (2025) — Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper presents a joint bilingual informed consent and intake form that can be navigated simultaneously in American Sign Language (ASL) and written English, addressing a critical accessibility barrier for the approximately 500,000 Americans who p…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • sign language recognition
  • informed consent
  • healthcare accessibility
  • American Sign Language
  • bilingual interfaces
  • machine learning

• Exploring Collaboration to Center the Deaf Community in Sign Language AI

  Rie Kamikubo, Abraham Glasser, Alex X Lu, Hal Daumé III, Hernisa Kacorri, Danielle Bragg (2025) — ASSETS 2025: 27th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This paper investigates the critical disconnect between machine learning (ML) practitioners and Deaf American Sign Language (ASL) signers in the development of sign language AI technologies. Despite sign language processing's promise for societal inc…

  • Deaf community
  • sign language
  • American Sign Language
  • machine learning
  • participatory AI
  • co-design
  • interdisciplinary collaboration
  • AI ethics
  • community-centered design
  • sign language recognition