Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
28 results found in neurological conditions.
- Alzheimer's Disease (Alzheimer's, AD)
- A progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases. Alzheimer's disease causes gradual decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning skills, eve…
- Anomia (Word-finding difficulty, Anomic aphasia)
- Anomia is a language impairment characterized by difficulty retrieving words during speech, particularly the names of objects, people, or actions. It is the most common symptom across all types of aph…
- Aphantasia (Mind Blindness)
- Aphantasia is a neurological condition in which a person is unable to voluntarily create mental images or visualize objects, people, or scenes in their mind. It affects an estimated 2-5% of the popula…
- Apraxia (Apraxia of Speech, Childhood Apraxia of Speech, CAS, Verbal Apraxia, Dyspraxia)
- A motor speech disorder in which the brain has difficulty coordinating the muscle movements needed to produce speech, despite the muscles themselves not being weak. The person knows what they want to …
- Ataxia (Cerebellar Ataxia)
- A neurological condition characterized by impaired coordination and control of voluntary movements, typically caused by damage to the cerebellum or its connections. People with ataxia may experience u…
- Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T, Louis-Bar Syndrome)
- A rare, inherited, progressive neurological disorder that typically appears in early childhood and causes increasing difficulties with movement, coordination, and immune function. Children with A-T us…
- Athetoid Cerebral Palsy (dyskinetic cerebral palsy, athetosis)
- A type of cerebral palsy characterized by involuntary, slow, writhing movements (athetosis) that affect the face, trunk, and limbs. It accounts for about 10-15% of cerebral palsy cases and results fro…
- Bradykinesia (Slowness of Movement)
- Bradykinesia is a motor symptom characterized by slowness of movement and a progressive reduction in the speed and amplitude of repetitive actions. It is one of the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's di…
- Cerebellar Ataxia (Ataxic Dysarthria)
- A neurological condition caused by damage to the cerebellum that affects coordination, balance, and motor control. In speech, cerebellar ataxia produces ataxic dysarthria characterized by irregular sp…
- Communication Impairment (CI, Communication Disorder, Communication Disability)
- Damage to brain functions responsible for language and memory that impairs the expression and understanding of spoken and written language. Communication impairments can result from neurological disea…
- Dystonia (Dystonic Movements)
- A movement disorder characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions causing abnormal, often repetitive movements, postures, or both. Dystonia can affect a single body part (focal dyston…
- Essential Tremor (ET, Benign Essential Tremor)
- Essential tremor is one of the most common movement disorders, characterized by involuntary, rhythmic shaking that typically affects the hands and arms but can also involve the head, voice, and other …
- Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, Pick's Disease)
- A group of disorders caused by progressive degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, primarily affecting personality, behavior, and language. Unlike Alzheimer's disease, frontotempo…
- Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS)
- A standardized neurological assessment scale used to evaluate the severity of brain injuries by measuring three aspects of responsiveness: eye opening (1-4 points), verbal response (1-5 points), and m…
- Hemiparesis (Hemiplegia, One-Sided Weakness)
- Weakness or partial paralysis affecting one side of the body, commonly resulting from stroke, traumatic brain injury, or neurological conditions. Hemiparesis affects motor control, coordination, and s…
- Hemiplegia (Hemiparesis)
- A condition involving paralysis or severe weakness on one side of the body, most commonly resulting from stroke but also caused by traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, or other neurological conditi…
- Hydrocephalus (Hydrocephaly, Water on the Brain)
- A condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure and enlargement of the head. Hydrocephalus can …
- Leukodystrophy (Leukodystrophies)
- Leukodystrophy is a group of rare, progressive, metabolic, genetic diseases that affect the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves by damaging the white matter (myelin sheath) that insulates nerve …
- Lewy Body Dementia (LBD, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, DLB)
- A type of progressive dementia caused by abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain. Lewy body dementia affects thinking, movement, behavior, and mood, and is the third most common caus…
- Neuromuscular Disease (Neuromuscular Disorder, NMD)
- A broad category of conditions that affect the nerves controlling voluntary muscles, the muscles themselves, or the communication between nerves and muscles. Neuromuscular diseases include muscular dy…