Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

69 results found in Disability Studies.

Disability Studies (DS, Critical Disability Studies)
An interdisciplinary academic field that examines disability as a social, cultural, and political phenomenon rather than solely a medical condition. Disability studies draws on the social model of dis…
Disability disclosure (Self-disclosure)
The process by which a person with a disability chooses to reveal information about their condition to others, whether in the workplace, social settings, or digital environments. Disclosure decisions …
Disability-Centered Evaluation (Disability-Centric Evaluation, Disability-First Evaluation)
An approach to evaluating AI systems, tools, or research artefacts that places disabled people's lived experiences, information needs, and failure contexts at the centre of study design — including wh…
Disenfranchised Grief
Disenfranchised grief, a concept developed by Kenneth Doka, describes the experience of people who 'incur a loss that is not, or cannot be, openly acknowledged, publicly mourned or socially supported'…
Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
A genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, resulting in intellectual disability and characteristic physical features. People with Down syndrome typically experience …
Dual-Positioned Researcher (Dual Positioning, Insider-Outsider Researcher)
A researcher who holds both the role of investigator and the lived experience of the condition or community being studied — for example, a person with OCD studying OCD, or a Deaf researcher studying D…
Episodic Disability
A disability characterized by periods of illness or impairment interspersed with periods of wellness or relative health. Unlike fluctuating disability where severity varies continuously, episodic disa…
Flourishing (Developmental Flourishing, Human Flourishing)
An orientation in design and HCI that measures success not by task completion or outcome equivalence but by the extent to which a system supports individuals' subjective well-being, personal significa…
Fluctuating Disability (Variable Disability)
A disability whose symptoms and severity vary over time, sometimes day to day or even hour to hour. People with fluctuating disabilities may experience periods of relatively high function alternating …
Functional Cognitive Disability (Functional Cognitive Limitation)
An approach to categorizing cognitive disabilities based on the functional limitations they produce rather than clinical diagnoses. Categories typically include difficulties with memory, problem-solvi…
Functional Independence (Functional Autonomy, Independent Functioning)
The ability to perform daily living activities without assistance from others, encompassing both basic self-care tasks (eating, dressing, bathing) and more complex instrumental activities (shopping, m…
Global South accessibility (Accessibility in developing countries, Majority world accessibility)
The study and practice of accessibility in countries of the Global South (Africa, South and Southeast Asia, Latin America), where over 80% of people with disabilities live. Accessibility in these cont…
Hierarchy of Impairment (Hierarchy of Impairments, Disability Hierarchy)
The hierarchy of impairment refers to the phenomenon where certain types of disabilities and impairments are viewed more favorably or given greater attention than others, both by non-disabled people a…
Illness Narrative (Disease Narrative)
An illness narrative is the story a person and their significant others construct to give coherence to the disruptive experience of illness or diagnosis and its effects on the family system. In the co…
Infrastructuring for Access
A design approach introduced by Wang and Marie (CHI 2026) that combines HCI's infrastructuring theory with Disability Studies and Repair Studies. Rather than focusing on removing barriers or accommoda…
Intellectual Disability (ID, Intellectual Development Disorder)
A disability characterized by significant limitations in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem-solving) and adaptive behavior (everyday social and practical skills), originating durin…
Interaction with Disabled Persons Scale (IDP Scale, IDP)
A standardized 20-item attitudinal instrument developed by Gething and Wheeler (1992) and later validated by Forlin, Fogarty, and Caroll (1999), designed to measure both desirable and undesirable emot…
Interdependence (Relational autonomy)
A framework in disability studies that recognises all people — disabled and non-disabled — as fundamentally reliant on others and on social infrastructure, challenging the Western ideal of individual …
Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA)
A qualitative research methodology focused on exploring how people make sense of their lived experiences, widely used in accessibility and disability research. IPA involves detailed analysis of indivi…
Invisible disability (Hidden disability, Non-visible disability, Non-apparent disability)
A disability that is not immediately apparent to others by observation, including conditions such as chronic pain, ADHD, autism, anxiety, depression, epilepsy, and many cognitive or neurological condi…