Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
19 results found in Mathematical Accessibility.
- Algebra Earcon (Mathematical Earcon, Math Sound)
- A non-speech auditory cue designed to represent the structural components of mathematical expressions, allowing blind users to perceive the overall shape and nesting of an expression without relying s…
- Braille Mathematics (Math Braille, Braille Math Notation)
- The various systems of Braille codes designed specifically to represent mathematical expressions, formulas, and notation in a tactile format readable by blind individuals. Because standard literary Br…
- Canonical MathML (Canonical Mathematical Markup Language)
- A restricted, normalised subset of MathML in which mathematical structures are represented in a deterministic, unambiguous way. While standard Presentation MathML allows the same mathematical expressi…
- Content Dictionary (CD, OpenMath Content Dictionary)
- A formal specification in the OpenMath standard that provides the definition, description, and properties of a collection of related mathematical symbols. Each Content Dictionary defines symbols used …
- Decimal System (Base-10 System, Decimal Number System)
- The standard numeral system using ten digits (0-9) where the value of each digit depends on its position, with each position representing a power of ten. Understanding the decimal system requires gras…
- Graphical Model (Visual Model, Graphical Representation)
- In educational and accessibility contexts, a visual representation system that uses shapes, colours, spatial relationships, and physical manipulation to convey abstract concepts. Graphical models for …
- InftyReader (Infty Reader)
- A specialised optical character recognition (OCR) system designed to recognise mathematical expressions in scanned documents, developed by the Infty Project (Suzuki et al.). Unlike general-purpose OCR…
- Lambda Notation (Lambda Math Code, Lambda Braille)
- A mathematical Braille notation system developed as part of the Lambda project, designed specifically for use with computers and digital documents. Lambda is an XML-based code built on a completely ne…
- Line Graph (Line Chart, Line Plot)
- A type of data visualization that displays information as a series of data points connected by straight line segments, commonly used to show trends over time or relationships between variables. Line g…
- Marburg Notation (Marburg Mathematical Notation, Marburg Braille)
- A Braille-based mathematical notation system developed at the Deutsche Blindenstudienanstalt (German Institute for the Blind) in Marburg, Germany, and widely used in German-speaking countries for read…
- Math-to-Speech (Mathematical Speech Generation, Math Speech)
- The process of converting mathematical notation into spoken language that can be rendered by text-to-speech engines or read aloud by screen readers. Math-to-speech is significantly more complex than r…
- MathPlayer
- A software plugin developed by Design Science that enables the rendering and text-to-speech reading of mathematical expressions encoded in MathML within web browsers and other applications. MathPlayer…
- Mathematical Notation (Math Notation)
- The system of symbols, conventions, and spatial arrangements used to represent mathematical concepts and relationships. Standard mathematical notation is inherently two-dimensional and visual, using s…
- Mathematical Notation Accessibility (Math Accessibility, Accessible Mathematics)
- The practice of making mathematical expressions, equations, and formulae perceivable and understandable by people with disabilities, particularly those who are blind or have low vision. Mathematical n…
- Number Sense (Numeracy Intuition, Numerical Cognition)
- The intuitive understanding of numbers, their magnitude, relationships, and how they are affected by operations. Number sense includes the ability to estimate quantities, understand relative size, rec…
- OpenMath
- An XML-based standard for representing mathematical objects and their semantics in a machine-readable format. Unlike MathML, which has both presentation (visual layout) and content (semantic structure…
- Order-Irrelevance Principle
- The counting principle that the order in which objects are counted does not affect the total — counting the same set of objects in any sequence will yield the same number. This concept, while intuitiv…
- Subitizing
- The rapid, accurate perception of the number of items in a small group without counting, typically for quantities up to about four or five. Subitizing is considered a core numerical ability that contr…
- Universal Maths Conversion Library (UMCL)
- An open-source programming library that encapsulates converters for different Braille mathematical codes, enabling applications to convert between MathML and various national Braille mathematical nota…