Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
19 results found in Braille.
- Bharati Braille (Indian Braille)
- A unified Braille standard for writing text in Indian languages using the six-dot Braille format. Bharati Braille assigns the same Braille cell to phonetically equivalent characters across different I…
- Braille Mathematics (Math Braille, Braille Math Notation)
- The various systems of Braille codes designed specifically to represent mathematical expressions, formulas, and notation in a tactile format readable by blind individuals. Because standard literary Br…
- Braille Translation (Braille Transcription, Text-to-Braille Translation)
- The process of converting printed text or digital text content into Braille, either manually by a trained transcriber or automatically using software such as Duxbury. Braille translation involves more…
- Braille Translator (Braille translation software)
- Software that converts print text (and sometimes marked-up content such as LaTeX or MathML) into correctly formatted Braille output, applying contractions, code switches, and page-layout rules. Braill…
- Computer Braille (Computer Braille Code, CBC)
- Computer Braille is a specialized braille notation system that includes characters for symbols commonly used in computing, such as brackets, braces, semicolons, and other punctuation not found in stan…
- Duxbury Braille Translator (Duxbury, DBT)
- A commercial Braille translation software package (Duxbury Systems) widely used by transcribers and production agencies to convert print text and documents into contracted and uncontracted Braille, in…
- Eight-Dot Braille (8-Dot Braille, Computer Braille)
- An extended braille system that adds two additional dots below the standard six-dot braille cell, creating a 2x4 matrix of eight dots that can represent 256 unique characters (compared to 64 in standa…
- Embossed Braille (Hard Copy Braille, Paper Braille)
- Braille text produced by physically raising dots on paper or other materials, creating a tactile surface that can be read by touch. Embossed Braille is produced using Braille embossers (printers), sla…
- Embossing (Braille Embossing, Tactile Embossing)
- The process of creating raised patterns on paper or other materials by pressing from behind, producing content that can be read by touch. In accessibility, embossing is the primary method for producin…
- Lambda Notation (Lambda Math Code, Lambda Braille)
- A mathematical Braille notation system developed as part of the Lambda project, designed specifically for use with computers and digital documents. Lambda is an XML-based code built on a completely ne…
- Linear Notation (Linear Mathematical Notation)
- A system for representing mathematical expressions in a single line of text, as opposed to the conventional two-dimensional spatial layout used in print mathematics. In standard mathematical notation,…
- Marburg Notation (Marburg Mathematical Notation, Marburg Braille)
- A Braille-based mathematical notation system developed at the Deutsche Blindenstudienanstalt (German Institute for the Blind) in Marburg, Germany, and widely used in German-speaking countries for read…
- Mathematical Braille (Braille Mathematics, Math Braille)
- Specialised braille notation systems used to represent mathematical symbols, expressions, and equations. Because standard literary braille has only 64 possible characters (from 6-dot cells), mathemati…
- Online Braille (Web Braille, Digital Braille, Electronic Braille)
- Online Braille refers to Braille content that is generated, distributed, or accessed through the Internet or digital platforms, as opposed to traditional embossed paper Braille. This includes web-base…
- Optical Braille Recognition (OBR)
- A technology that uses cameras or optical sensors to detect and interpret embossed Braille characters, converting them into digital text. Optical Braille recognition works by capturing images of Brail…
- Refreshable Braille Display (Refreshable Braille, Dynamic Braille Display, Electronic Braille Display)
- An electromechanical device that renders Braille characters by raising and lowering pins dynamically, allowing blind users to read digital text through touch. Conventional refreshable Braille displays…
- Tiger Embosser (ViewPlus Tiger, Tiger Braille Printer)
- A brand of Braille embosser manufactured by ViewPlus Technologies that produces both Braille text and tactile graphics by pressing raised dots onto thick paper. Unlike traditional Braille embossers th…
- Universal Maths Conversion Library (UMCL)
- An open-source programming library that encapsulates converters for different Braille mathematical codes, enabling applications to convert between MathML and various national Braille mathematical nota…
- VBraille (V-Braille, Vibration Braille)
- A method for representing Braille characters on a smartphone touchscreen using vibration feedback. The screen is divided into a 3-row by 2-column grid matching a standard Braille cell layout, and the …