Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

25 results found in Metrics.

Accessibility Metric (Web Accessibility Metric, Accessibility Quality Metric)
An accessibility metric is a quantitative measure used to assess the level of accessibility compliance of a web page or website. Metrics typically derive from the results of automated or manual evalua…
Accessibility Progress Formula (APPF, Accessibility Progress Percentage)
A formula for quantitatively tracking progress in addressing accessibility issues on a website, expressed as APPF = A / ((A + B) + (T - C)), where A is the number of applicable checklist items that ha…
Correctness (Precision, Validity)
In the context of accessibility evaluation, correctness (also called precision) is the proportion of reported accessibility problems that are true problems — that is, issues that genuinely affect user…
Dale-Chall Readability Formula (Dale-Chall, New Dale-Chall)
A readability formula first published by Edgar Dale and Jeanne Chall in 1948 and revised in 1995. Unlike formulas that rely only on surface counts, Dale-Chall compares every word in a text against a m…
Equal Error Rate (EER, Crossover Error Rate)
A metric used to evaluate biometric system performance, representing the point at which the false acceptance rate (wrongly accepting unauthorized users) equals the false rejection rate (wrongly reject…
Evaluation Reliability (Inter-rater Reliability, Evaluator Agreement)
The extent to which independent accessibility evaluations of the same content produce consistent results. High reliability means that different evaluators using the same method will identify similar s…
F-measure (F-score, F1 Score)
A metric that combines correctness (precision) and sensitivity (recall) into a single balanced score, calculated as the harmonic mean of the two values. In accessibility evaluation research, the F-mea…
Gunning Fog Index (Gunning FOG, FOG Index)
A traditional readability formula developed by Robert Gunning in 1952 that estimates the years of formal education a reader needs to understand a text on first reading. It is calculated from average s…
Keystroke Saving (KS, Keystroke Reduction)
A metric used to evaluate word prediction and word completion systems, measuring the percentage of keystrokes that a user can avoid by accepting system predictions instead of typing each character ind…
Keystrokes Per Character (KSPC)
A metric used to evaluate the efficiency of text-entry methods by measuring the average number of keystrokes required to produce each character of text. A lower KSPC indicates a more efficient input m…
Lexile Framework (Lexile, Lexile Measure)
A commercial readability framework developed by MetaMetrics that places both texts and readers on a common scale — the Lexile measure — to support matching readers with materials at an appropriate lev…
LogMAR (Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution)
A standardised scale for measuring visual acuity based on the logarithm (base 10) of the minimum angle of resolution, used in the Bailey-Lovie eye chart and widely adopted in clinical vision research.…
Minimum String Distance (MSD, Edit Distance, Levenshtein Distance)
A metric for measuring text entry accuracy by calculating the minimum number of single-character insertions, deletions, and substitutions needed to transform the transcribed text into the intended tex…
Perplexity (Language Model Perplexity)
A standard metric for evaluating language models that measures how well the model predicts a sample of text. Mathematically, perplexity is the inverse probability of the test set, normalised by the nu…
SMOG (SMOG Index, SMOG Grade, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook)
A readability formula developed by G. Harry McLaughlin in 1969 that estimates the years of education needed to understand a text, based on the number of polysyllabic words (three or more syllables) in…
Sensitivity (Recall, Thoroughness, Completeness)
In the context of accessibility evaluation, sensitivity (also called recall or thoroughness) is the proportion of true accessibility problems that are successfully identified and reported by an evalua…
Text Entry Rate (Typing Speed, Characters Per Minute, CPM, Words Per Minute, WPM)
A measure of how quickly a user can input text using a given method, typically expressed in words per minute (WPM) or characters per minute (CPM). One word is conventionally defined as five characters…
Text Generation Rate (TGR, Text Entry Rate, Text Entry Speed)
The speed at which a user produces text, typically measured in words per minute (WPM) or characters per second. Text generation rate is a key performance metric in assistive technology evaluation beca…
Web Accessibility Barrier (WAB, Accessibility Barrier)
Any element, design pattern, or technical implementation on a web page that prevents or hinders people with disabilities from accessing, understanding, or interacting with content. Common web accessib…
Web Accessibility Barrier Score (WAB, WAB Score)
A quantitative metric for measuring the accessibility level of a website, defined as the mean value of the failure rate of accessibility checkpoints on a page, weighted by the priority of each checkpo…