Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

47 results found in accessibility principles.

Electronic Curb-Cut Effect (Digital Curb-Cut Effect, Curb-Cut Effect)
The phenomenon where accessibility features originally designed for people with disabilities end up benefiting a much wider population. Named after physical curb cuts in sidewalks — originally mandate…
Employment Accessibility (Workplace Accessibility, Job Accessibility, Accessible Employment)
The broad concept of ensuring that all aspects of finding, applying for, interviewing for, and performing a job are accessible to people with disabilities. Employment accessibility encompasses accessi…
Enforced Trust (Compelled Trust)
A dynamic in which blind people are required to trust technologies, sighted individuals, and systems without having independent means to verify the information or outputs provided to them. Enforced tr…
Fluctuating Access Needs (Dynamic Access Needs, Variable Access Needs)
Accessibility requirements that change over time for a single individual, varying based on factors such as energy levels, symptoms, time of day, environment, medication, menstrual cycle, cognitive loa…
Holistic Accessibility (Holistic Approach to Accessibility)
Holistic accessibility is an approach that considers web accessibility not as an isolated technical concern but as one factor within a broader context including usability, user experience, audience ch…
Human-Centered Design (HCD, User-Centered Design, UCD)
A design approach that prioritizes the needs, capabilities, and experiences of end users throughout the design process. Popularized by IDEO and formalized in ISO 9241-210, human-centered design involv…
Input Redundancy
A design principle that provides multiple alternative ways to accomplish the same input action, ensuring that users can interact with a system regardless of their specific abilities. In VR accessibili…
Multimodal Interface (Multimodal Interaction, Multi-Modal UI)
A multimodal interface is a system that communicates with users through multiple sensory channels simultaneously, such as speech, haptic feedback, sound, vibration, and visual output. In accessible na…
Music Notation Accessibility
The practice of making written music scores perceivable and usable by musicians with visual impairments and other disabilities. This encompasses the creation of alternative formats like Braille Music,…
OM Principle (Object Model Principle)
A design principle for accessible digital content stating that any digital object is made more accessible by using the application's designated object model for that content rather than visual workaro…
Preference Customization (User Preference Configuration, Personalization Settings)
The ability for users, particularly those using assistive technologies, to configure how they receive and interact with digital content based on their individual needs, preferences, and context. In ac…
Presumed Competence (Least Dangerous Assumption)
The principle that all individuals should be assumed capable and intelligent regardless of whether their abilities are displayed in ways that conform to societal norms. Advocated particularly by nonsp…
Privacy by Design (PbD)
A framework that embeds privacy protections into the design and architecture of systems and business practices from the outset, rather than adding them as afterthoughts. In the context of visual assis…
Psychological Accessibility
A dimension of accessibility concerned with whether users find a product or service useful, appropriate, and satisfying, beyond being merely technically operable. Psychological accessibility addresses…
Sensory Accessibility
The design of environments, technologies, and experiences to accommodate people with diverse sensory processing needs, including those with heightened or reduced sensitivity to sound, light, touch, sm…
Sighted Bias (Visual Bias, Ocularcentrism)
The tendency in technology design to privilege sighted ways of perceiving and understanding the world, often unconsciously centering visual sensibilities in interfaces, descriptions, and assessment cr…
Sighted-Centric Design (Vision-Centric Design)
Design approaches and practices that privilege sighted sensemaking and marginalize blind and non-visual ways of relating to the world. Sighted-centered design produces technologies, interfaces, and de…
Situational Disability (Situational Impairment, Contextual Disability)
A temporary limitation in ability caused by environmental circumstances rather than a permanent condition. Examples include being unable to read a screen in bright sunlight (visual), not hearing audio…
Spatial Assessment (Spatial Descriptor)
The use of spatial attributes such as distance, dimensions, and location to describe objects in a visual scene. Research with blind users has found that spatial assessment descriptors are problematic …
Technoableism
A concept describing how technology is framed as a solution to disability in ways that reinforce ableist assumptions, treating disability primarily as a problem to be fixed rather than a form of human…