Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
43 results found in document accessibility.
- Accessibility Evaluation Framework (A11y Assessment Framework, Accessibility Testing Framework)
- A structured methodology for systematically assessing the accessibility of digital content, products, or services against established standards and guidelines. Effective frameworks define the criteria…
- Accessible PDF (Tagged PDF, PDF/UA)
- An accessible PDF is a Portable Document Format file that has been structured with tags, reading order, alternative text for images, and other metadata so that it can be navigated and read by assistiv…
- Accessible Slides (Accessible Presentation Slides, Non-Visually Accessible Slides)
- Presentation slides that have been structured and annotated to be usable by people with disabilities, particularly blind and visually impaired users who access content via screen readers. Accessible s…
- Artifact (PDF artifact, Background artifact)
- In PDF accessibility, an artifact is content that is marked as decorative or non-essential and should be ignored by assistive technologies. Examples include page numbers, headers/footers, decorative i…
- AsTeR (Audio System for Technical Readings)
- An interactive computing system developed by T. V. Raman in his 1994 PhD thesis at Cornell University that converts LaTeX documents into navigable audio documents. AsTeR parses electronic documents in…
- Audio Formatting (Audio Rendering)
- The process of converting structured electronic documents into audio output that conveys not just textual content but also the logical structure and formatting of the original document. Audio formatti…
- Borne-Accessible Document (born-accessible, natively accessible document)
- A document that is created accessibly from the outset—its semantic structure, headings, alt text, and tags are built in at authoring time rather than added later through remediation. Borne-accessible …
- Composite Figure (Multi-panel Figure, Multi-element Figure)
- A figure that contains multiple distinct visual elements combined into a single image, such as a series of screenshots labeled (a) through (f), a set of charts showing different data sets, or a mix of…
- Content Element (Visual Content Element, Non-Text Content)
- A visual component within a document that conveys information beyond running text, including tables, charts, images, diagrams, equations, and code blocks. Content elements are often chosen for their a…
- Content tagging (Structural tagging, Semantic tagging)
- The process of adding structural markup to document content that identifies the role and meaning of each element. In PDF accessibility, content tagging involves marking regions of a document as paragr…
- Digital Talking Book (DTB, DAISY Digital Talking Book, Talking book)
- A multimedia document format that synchronises text, audio narration, and navigation structure to provide accessible reading experiences for people who are blind, have low vision, or have print disabi…
- DocBook (DocBook XML)
- An XML-based markup language designed for technical documentation and publishing, providing a semantic vocabulary for books, articles, and other prose documents. DocBook separates content from present…
- Document Analysis (Document Image Analysis, DIA)
- The process of automatically extracting structure, content, and meaning from document images or files, including layout detection, text recognition, and logical structure identification. In accessibil…
- Document Layout Analysis (DLA, page layout analysis)
- A computer-vision task that identifies and classifies the visual regions of a document page—headings, paragraphs, tables, figures, captions, lists, headers, and footers—typically using object-detectio…
- Document structure (Structural hierarchy, Document hierarchy)
- The logical organization of a document into meaningful components such as headings, sections, paragraphs, lists, and tables. Proper document structure enables assistive technology users to navigate ef…
- Exif (Exchangeable Image File Format, EXIF)
- A standard metadata format embedded within image files (JPEG, TIFF, and others) that stores information about how an image was created, including camera model, date, GPS coordinates, and orientation. …
- Figure Accessibility (Chart Accessibility, Graph Accessibility)
- The practice of making visual figures, charts, graphs, and diagrams in documents and publications accessible to people who cannot see them, particularly blind and low vision users. Figure accessibilit…
- Font Embedding (Embedded Fonts, PDF Font Embedding)
- The practice of including the complete font data within a PDF document so that the text can be accurately rendered and read regardless of whether the font is installed on the viewer's system. Font emb…
- ICADD (International Committee on Accessible Document Design)
- A non-profit organization that developed techniques for making structured electronic documents accessible to people with print disabilities. ICADD created the SDA (SGML Document Access) mechanism — a …
- LaTeX (TeX)
- A document typesetting language widely used in academia and STEM fields for producing scientific documents containing complex mathematical formulae. LaTeX encodes mathematical content as plain text ma…