Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

15 results found in readability.

Easy Read (Easy-to-Read, Easy Language, Plain Language for Cognitive Accessibility)
A method of presenting written information in a way that is accessible to people with intellectual disabilities, learning difficulties, or low literacy. Easy Read uses short sentences, common everyday…
Fixation Duration (Fixation Time, Gaze Duration)
The length of time the eye remains relatively still on a specific point in a visual display during reading or visual processing. In eye-tracking research, fixation duration is a key metric for measuri…
Flesch Reading Ease (Flesch Readability Score, Flesch Score, FRE)
A readability formula developed by Rudolf Flesch in 1948 that rates text on a 100-point scale based on average sentence length and average number of syllables per word. Higher scores indicate easier-t…
Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (Flesch-Kincaid, FKGL, Flesch-Kincaid readability)
A readability formula that estimates the U.S. school grade level required to comfortably read a given English text, based on average sentence length and average syllables per word. Developed for the U…
Fluency (Text fluency, Grammatical fluency)
In natural language processing and text simplification, fluency is the degree to which a piece of text is grammatically correct and reads naturally in the target language. It is one of three standard …
Italic Font Style (italics, oblique)
A slanted or cursive-style variant of a typeface, traditionally used for emphasis, titles, or foreign words. Eye-tracking research demonstrates that italic fonts create significant accessibility barri…
Jenga Format
Jenga format is a content transformation technique designed to enhance web page readability for non-native English readers. Developed by Chen-Hsiang Yu and Robert C. Miller at MIT, it restructures tex…
Monospaced Font (fixed-width font, fixed-pitch font, non-proportional font)
A typeface in which every character occupies the same horizontal space, regardless of its width. Examples include Courier, Consolas, and Monaco. Research shows monospaced fonts like Courier lead to sh…
Newsela
An educational content platform that publishes news articles in multiple professionally-edited versions simplified to different U.S. school reading levels, enabling teachers to assign the same story a…
Plain Language (Plain English, Clear Language, Simple Language)
Plain language is communication that is clear, concise, and well-organized so that the intended audience can easily find, understand, and use the information. In accessibility, plain language is essen…
Proportional Font (variable-width font)
A typeface in which characters have varying widths based on their natural proportions—a narrow "i" takes less space than a wide "m". Most fonts used in everyday reading are proportional, including Ari…
Sans-Serif Font (sans serif, grotesque font)
A typeface that lacks the small projecting lines (serifs) at the ends of letter strokes. Sans-serif fonts like Arial, Helvetica, and Verdana are generally recommended for screen readability and are of…
Serif Font (roman typeface)
A typeface with small decorative lines or strokes (serifs) at the ends of letter strokes. Common serif fonts include Times New Roman, Garamond, and Georgia. While traditionally associated with print l…
Text Complexity (Linguistic complexity, Text difficulty)
The degree to which a piece of writing demands advanced reading skills to comprehend, driven by factors such as vocabulary frequency, syntactic structure, sentence length, passage organisation, and ba…
Visual-Syntactic Text Formatting (VSTF)
Visual-Syntactic Text Formatting (VSTF) is a content presentation method that formats text based on its syntactic structure, using indentation, line breaks, and visual grouping to align with the gramm…