Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

15 results found in sensors.

Accelerometer
A sensor that measures acceleration forces, including the constant force of gravity, along one or more axes. Accelerometers in smartphones and wearable devices detect device orientation, movement, and…
Capacitive Touch (Capacitive Sensing, Capacitive Touch Sensing)
A touch detection technology that works by measuring changes in electrical capacitance when a conductive object, such as a human finger, comes near or contacts an electrode surface. The finger and ele…
EMG Switch (Electromyography Switch, Muscle Signal Switch)
An assistive technology switch that detects electrical signals produced by muscle contractions (electromyography) to generate a switch activation. EMG switches can detect even very small muscle moveme…
Electroencephalography (EEG)
A non-invasive method of recording electrical activity of the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp. In assistive technology, EEG is the primary sensing technology behind brain-computer interface…
Gyroscope (Gyro Sensor)
A sensor that measures rotational velocity around one or more axes, detecting how quickly a device is being turned or twisted. Combined with accelerometers in an inertial measurement unit, gyroscopes …
Human Activity Recognition (HAR, Activity Recognition)
A field of machine learning and ubiquitous computing that uses sensor data — typically from accelerometers, gyroscopes, and other sensors in smartphones, smartwatches, or other wearable devices — to a…
Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)
An electronic sensor module that combines accelerometers and gyroscopes (and sometimes magnetometers) to measure motion, orientation, and gravitational forces. IMUs are embedded in smartphones, smartw…
Inertial Sensing (IMU sensing, Inertial measurement)
The use of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers — often built into smartphones and wearable devices — to measure motion, orientation, and direction of movement. In accessibility applications,…
Infrared Emitting Diode (IRED, IR LED, Infrared LED)
A light-emitting diode that produces infrared radiation, used in assistive technology for motion tracking and position sensing. IREDs are commonly used in head-tracking systems, eye-tracking devices, …
Occupancy Grid Map (2D occupancy grid, Grid map)
A representation of an environment as a grid of cells, where each cell is labelled as walkable (free space), non-walkable (obstacle or wall), or unknown. Occupancy grid maps are a standard data struct…
Posture Detection (Posture Monitoring, Posture Recognition)
The use of sensors or computer vision to identify and monitor a person's body posture in real time. In assistive technology, posture detection systems can use accelerometers, gyroscopes, or cameras to…
RGB-Depth Camera (RGB-D camera, Depth camera)
A camera that captures both a conventional colour image (RGB) and a per-pixel depth map, usually via structured light, time-of-flight, or stereo sensing. RGB-D cameras are widely used in assistive nav…
Touch Sensor (Touch-Sensitive Sensor, Tactile Sensor)
An electronic component that detects physical contact or proximity of a finger or object on a surface. Touch sensors are used in accessible devices to enable direct tactile interaction, allowing blind…
Wearable Sensor (Body-Worn Sensor, Wearable Device)
A small electronic device worn on the body that continuously collects data about the wearer's movements, physiological state, or environment. In accessibility and rehabilitation contexts, wearable sen…
Wearable Sensors (Body-Worn Sensors, Wearable Sensor Technology)
Electronic devices worn on the body that collect data about movement, physiological signals, or environmental conditions. In accessibility contexts, wearable sensors include accelerometers, gyroscopes…