Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
178 results found in web accessibility.
- EARL (Evaluation and Report Language)
- A machine-readable format developed by the W3C for expressing the results of accessibility evaluations in a standardized way. EARL uses RDF (Resource Description Framework) to describe test results in…
- Ecology of Protections (Layered Protection Ecosystem)
- A multi-layered framework for safeguarding vulnerable users from harmful digital content by implementing protections at multiple levels of the technology stack simultaneously. For photosensitive users…
- Experiential Transcoding
- An approach to web page transcoding that restructures content based on actual user behaviour rather than relying solely on source code analysis or predefined heuristics. By analysing how sighted users…
- Faceted Navigation (Faceted Search, Faceted Browsing, Faceted Filtering)
- A navigation technique that allows users to filter and explore content along multiple dimensions or categories simultaneously, such as by topic, sentiment, date, or rating. In accessibility contexts, …
- Flashing Content (Flashing, Flash)
- Visual content that alternates between contrasting states at a rate that can trigger seizures in people with photosensitive epilepsy. WCAG defines a flash as a pair of opposing luminance changes or a …
- Focus Order (Tab Order, Focus Sequence)
- The sequence in which interactive elements receive keyboard focus when a user presses the Tab key or uses other keyboard navigation. In accessibility, a logical focus order that follows the visual and…
- Form Accessibility (Accessible Forms, Form A11y)
- The practice of designing and implementing digital forms so they can be effectively completed by people using assistive technologies, particularly screen readers. Key requirements include: every form …
- Form Label (Input Label, Form Field Label)
- A text label programmatically associated with an interactive form control (such as a text input, button, checkbox, or dropdown) that identifies the purpose or function of that control to all users. In…
- Form Labeling (Form Labels, Input Labels, Programmatic Labels)
- The practice of providing descriptive text labels that are programmatically associated with their corresponding form input fields, enabling screen readers to announce what information is expected in e…
- GUI Testing (Graphical User Interface Testing, UI Testing)
- GUI testing is a software testing methodology that validates application behaviour by interacting with the graphical user interface, including clicking buttons, entering text, and navigating menus, ra…
- GenAI Accessibility (Generative AI Accessibility)
- The design and implementation of generative AI tools—including large language model chatbots, AI image describers, and multimodal AI systems—so they can be fully and equitably used by people with disa…
- Government Digital Accessibility (Public Sector Accessibility, E-Government Accessibility)
- The requirement and practice of ensuring that government websites, online services, documents, and digital tools are accessible to all citizens, including those with disabilities. Many countries have …
- Graphic Accessibility (Image Accessibility, Visual Content Accessibility)
- The practice of making graphical content — including charts, diagrams, maps, photographs, and illustrations — perceivable and understandable by people who cannot see them. Graphic accessibility encomp…
- Guided Tour (Guided Tour Navigation, Linear Navigation Pattern)
- A web navigation pattern that sequentially links content pages in a collection, allowing users to browse items one by one using next and previous controls rather than returning to an index page betwee…
- HSL (Hue Saturation Luminosity, HSL Color Model, HSB)
- A colour model that represents colours using three components: Hue (the type of colour, such as red, green, or blue, expressed as a degree on a colour wheel from 0 to 360), Saturation (the purity or i…
- HTML (HyperText Markup Language)
- The standard markup language used to create and structure content on the World Wide Web. HTML uses elements (tags) to define the semantic structure of documents, including headings, paragraphs, links,…
- HTML Remediation (Accessibility Remediation, A11y Remediation)
- The process of modifying HTML code to fix accessibility violations and bring web content into conformance with accessibility guidelines like WCAG. Remediation can involve adding missing attributes (al…
- Heading Structure (Header Hierarchy, Heading Levels, Document Outline)
- The hierarchical organization of headings (H1 through H6 in HTML) used to define the logical structure and sections of a document or web page. Proper heading structure is one of the most critical acce…
- Heading hierarchy (Heading structure, Heading levels, Document outline)
- The logical structure created by using HTML heading elements (h1 through h6) in a nested, hierarchical order to convey the organisation of content on a web page. A proper heading hierarchy starts with…
- Hijax (Progressive enhancement with Ajax)
- A web development approach coined by Jeremy Keith that applies progressive enhancement principles to Ajax applications. Hijax starts with a fully functional, accessible HTML page and then layers Ajax …