Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 156 of 333
- Input Adaptation (Input Device Adaptation, Input Modality Adaptation)
- The process of automatically or manually modifying an application's user interface to work with input devices or methods it was not originally designed for. Input adaptation addresses the fact that mo…
- Input Exertion (Input Effort, Interaction Cost)
- The physical and cognitive effort required to provide input to a digital system, including keystrokes, mouse movements, taps, and voice commands. For people with motor impairments, input exertion is a…
- Input Logging (Keystroke Logging, Input Event Logging)
- The practice of recording detailed timestamped data about keyboard and mouse events — including key presses, releases, mouse movements, clicks, and button states — for analysis of user interaction pat…
- Input Method Editor (IME, Input Method)
- A software component that allows users to enter characters and symbols not directly available on their physical keyboard, particularly for languages with large character sets or complex scripts. IMEs …
- Input Modality (Interaction Modality, Input Method)
- A distinct channel or method through which a user provides input to a computing system, such as touch, voice, gesture, gaze, or keyboard interaction. In accessibility contexts, supporting multiple inp…
- Input Rate (Keystroke Rate)
- The speed at which a user can produce individual keystrokes or character inputs, typically measured in seconds per keystroke. Input rate varies dramatically across access methods: touch typists may ac…
- Input Redundancy
- A design principle that provides multiple alternative ways to accomplish the same input action, ensuring that users can interact with a system regardless of their specific abilities. In VR accessibili…
- Insertion Error (Missing Text Error)
- A type of text error where content that should be present is missing, requiring the user to navigate to the correct position and add the missing characters, words, or phrases. Insertion errors are cha…
- Inspiration Porn
- The portrayal of people with disabilities as inspirational solely or primarily because of their disability, objectifying them for the benefit of non-disabled audiences. Coined by disability activist S…
- Instance Segmentation
- A computer vision technique that identifies and delineates individual objects within an image at the pixel level, distinguishing separate instances even when they belong to the same category. In acces…
- Instance-Level Recognition (Instance Recognition, Fine-Grained Recognition)
- A computer vision task that involves distinguishing between specific individual objects within the same general category, rather than just identifying broad categories. For example, while category-lev…
- Institutional Ableism (Systemic Ableism, Structural Ableism)
- Prejudice and discrimination against people with disabilities that is embedded in the policies, practices, norms, and culture of organizations and institutions, rather than manifesting solely through …
- Institutional Barriers (Organizational Barriers, Systemic Barriers)
- Obstacles to accessibility, technology adoption, or inclusion that arise from organizational policies, practices, norms, and cultures rather than from individual limitations or technology design. In s…
- Institutional Gatekeeping (Systemic Gatekeeping)
- The practices through which institutions such as insurance companies, healthcare providers, school districts, and government agencies control access to assistive technology and disability services by …
- Institutionalization
- The historical and ongoing practice of placing disabled people in segregated residential facilities such as asylums, nursing homes, and other care institutions, often without their consent. Institutio…
- Instructional Technology (Educational Technology, EdTech)
- Digital technologies intentionally designed and used for teaching and learning purposes, including learning management systems (Google Classroom, Canvas), educational software (Khan Academy, MyMathLab…
- Instructional design (Learning design)
- The systematic process of creating educational or instructional materials and experiences that facilitate effective learning and task completion. In accessibility, instructional design principles ensu…
- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs)
- Complex everyday tasks that require higher-level cognitive and physical skills than basic self-care activities. IADLs include managing finances, shopping, meal preparation, housekeeping, laundry, usin…
- Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL, IADLs)
- Complex daily tasks that require higher-order cognitive and organizational skills beyond basic self-care. IADLs include managing finances, shopping, preparing meals, housekeeping, using transportation…
- Integrated Control System (Integrated Control)
- An assistive technology approach where a single input device serves multiple control functions, such as wheelchair navigation, mouse cursor control, and text entry. Integrated control systems reduce t…