Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 242 of 333
- Research Ethics (Ethics in Research)
- The principles and practices governing the responsible conduct of research, including informed consent, minimizing harm, protecting privacy, and ensuring equitable treatment of participants. In disabi…
- Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU, REU Program, REU Supplement)
- A U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) funding program that supports active research participation by undergraduate students in areas funded by NSF. REU awards fund either dedicated REU Sites — coho…
- Research Fatigue (Participant Fatigue, Community Research Fatigue)
- The exhaustion or disengagement experienced by individuals or communities that are repeatedly recruited for research studies, particularly when they see little benefit or change resulting from their p…
- Research Probe (Design Research Probe, Technology Probe)
- A purpose-built, partially functional artefact — often a software prototype, sensor, or interactive installation — deployed in a study not primarily to deliver a finished product but to provoke reflec…
- Research Through Design (RtD)
- A research methodology in which the design process itself serves as a mode of inquiry, generating knowledge through the iterative creation and evaluation of artifacts, systems, or experiences. Unlike …
- Research reciprocity (Participatory reciprocity)
- The principle that research participation should be a mutually beneficial exchange in which participants gain value — such as social connection, learning opportunities, a sense of contributing to know…
- Research-through-Design (RtD)
- A research methodology, articulated by Zimmerman, Forlizzi, and Evenson (2007), in which the act of designing artefacts is itself the mode of inquiry. Knowledge is produced through iterative cycles of…
- Researcher Bias (Investigator Bias)
- The influence of a researcher's own perspectives, assumptions, and identity on how they design studies, ask questions, and interpret data. In accessibility research, researcher bias can manifest when …
- Residential Care (Care Home, Nursing Home, Long-Term Care Facility, Assisted Living)
- A facility that provides housing, personal care, and support services for individuals who cannot live independently due to age, disability, or health conditions. Residential care settings range from a…
- Residential School (Boarding School)
- An educational institution where students live on campus during the school term, receiving both education and residential care. In India, many schools for the blind operate as residential schools, wit…
- Residual Category (Residual Categories)
- A concept from Susan Leigh Star describing the "other" or "not applicable" categories in classification systems — the bucket where anything that does not fit predefined types gets placed. Individuals …
- Residual Vision (Remaining Vision, Useful Vision)
- The vision that remains after an eye condition has caused partial vision loss. Most people classified as having low vision retain some useful residual vision and prefer to use it for observing and int…
- Residual vision (Functional vision, Usable vision)
- The remaining visual ability of a person with a visual impairment, which may include partial acuity, limited visual field, or light perception. The vast majority of people classified as legally blind …
- Resilience (Psychological resilience, Dementia resilience)
- Resilience refers to the dynamic capacity of an individual to adapt positively in the face of adversity and to maintain or recover a satisfactory level of psychological and functional well-being. In t…
- Resistant Reading (Reading Against the Grain, Resistant Reader)
- A critical reading method, originally articulated by feminist literary theorist Judith Fetterley, that refuses the interpretive framework an author invites the reader to adopt and instead reads texts …
- Respeaking (Speech-to-Speech Captioning, Voice Writing)
- A real-time captioning method in which a trained operator listens to speech and repeats it clearly into a speech recognition system optimized for their voice, producing captions. Respeaking is commonl…
- Respite Care (Respite, Carer Relief)
- Temporary care provided to a person with a disability or chronic condition to give their primary caregiver a break from their caregiving responsibilities. Respite care can take many forms, including i…
- Response Bias (Acquiescence Bias, Yea-Saying Bias)
- A systematic tendency for research participants to respond in a particular way regardless of the actual content of the question, distorting data collection and analysis. In accessibility research invo…
- Response Bias (Survey Bias, Respondent Bias)
- A systematic tendency for survey respondents to answer questions in a way that does not accurately reflect their true opinions or experiences. In accessibility research, response bias is particularly …
- Response Time (Reaction Time, Tact)
- The time elapsed between the presentation of a stimulus and the user's physical response, typically measured in milliseconds. In scanning-based AAC, response time (often called Tact) is the interval b…