Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
343 results found tagged screen readers.
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Development and Evaluation of a Tool for Assisting Content Creators in Making PDF Files More Accessible
This paper presents the development and evaluation of "Ally," a web-based tool designed to help content creators remediate PDF documents for accessibility. While trillions of PDF documents exist online, only a small fraction include the metadata nece…
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"Every Website Is a Puzzle!": Facilitating Access to Common Website Features for People with Visual Impairments
This paper addresses a fundamental challenge for screen reader users: while sighted users can rely on visual conventions to find common website features (log in at top right, contact at bottom), these shortcuts are inaccessible to users with visual i…
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What's in an ALT Tag? Exploring Caption Content Priorities through Collaborative Captioning
This paper investigates what makes a good image caption through a novel collaborative captioning methodology. Six pairs of blind and sighted partners—including married couples, friends, and roommates—worked together to create and refine captions for …
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Video Conferencing Tools: Comparative Study of the Experiences of Screen Reader Users and the Development of More Inclusive Design Guidelines
This comprehensive study investigates the accessibility and usability of three major video conferencing platforms—Zoom, Google Meet, and Microsoft Teams—for blind and visually impaired people using screen readers. Conducted during the COVID-19 pandem…
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Tangible Progress: Tools, Techniques, and Impacts of Teaching Web Development to Screen Reader Users
This paper presents the design, implementation, and longitudinal evaluation of a free, remote web development workshop specifically designed for screen reader users. The nine-week workshop, delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic, taught HTML, CSS, an…
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Mathematical Content Browsing for Print-disabled Readers Based on Virtual-world Exploration and Audio-visual Sensory Substitution
This research addresses a critical accessibility gap: mathematical equations in PDF documents are largely inaccessible to blind and visually impaired readers. While standards like MathML exist for encoding accessible mathematics, most scientific and …
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AccessComics2: Understanding the User Experience of an Accessible Comic Book Reader for Blind People with Textual Sound Effects
This research investigates how to make digital comic books accessible to people with visual impairments through AccessComics, a web-based comic reader that provides scene descriptions, synthesized character voices, and sound effects. The study addres…
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Understanding the Usages, Lifecycle, and Opportunities of Screen Readers' Plugins
This study investigates why blind users rely on screen reader plugins and how these plugins are developed, distributed, and maintained. The researchers combined two methodological approaches: semi-structured interviews with 14 blind participants (age…
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The Accessibility of Data Visualizations on the Web for Screen Reader Users: Practices and Experiences During COVID-19
This comprehensive mixed-methods study examines data visualization accessibility through three complementary investigations: an accessibility audit of 87 COVID-19 visualizations, an online survey of 127 screen reader users, and contextual inquiry wit…
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Invisible, Unreadable, and Inaudible Cookie Notices: An Evaluation of Cookie Notices for Users with Visual Impairments
This study investigates the accessibility of cookie notices for users with visual impairments (VI), combining automated testing of 46 top UK websites with a user study of 100 participants who use assistive technology. The researchers employed multipl…