Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Automated Description Generation for Indoor Floor Maps

  Devi A. Paladugu, Hima Bindu Maguluri, Qiongjie Tian, Baoxin Li (2012) — Proceedings of the 14th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2012)

  This demonstration paper presents a prototype system that automatically generates verbal descriptions of indoor floor maps to support navigation for people with visual impairments. The system addresses a practical gap: while tools like canes, guide d…

  • visual impairment
  • indoor navigation
  • wayfinding
  • image processing
  • floor plans
  • verbal description
  • web crawling
  • landmark detection

• MokE: A Tool for Mobile-ok Evaluation of Web Content

  John Garofalakis, Vassilios Stefanis (2008) — Proceedings of the 2008 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility (W4A)

  This paper presents MokE (Mobile-OK Evaluator), a web-based tool for evaluating whether web content provides an acceptable experience on mobile devices, based on W3C's mobileOK Basic Tests and Mobile Web Best Practices. Written at a time when mobile …

  • mobile accessibility
  • mobile web
  • automated testing
  • web crawling
  • W3C standards
  • evaluation tools
  • hidden web

• DOM block clustering for enhanced sampling and evaluation

  Simon Harper, Anwar Ahmad Moon, Markel Vigo, Giorgio Brajnik, Yeliz Yesilada (2015) — Proceedings of the 12th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper addresses a fundamental challenge in web accessibility evaluation: large websites with thousands or tens of thousands of pages are practically impossible to fully evaluate, yet current sampling methods (random, best-guess, or convenience s…

  • accessibility evaluation
  • automated testing
  • web crawling
  • sampling methodology
  • DOM analysis
  • website demographics
  • WCAG compliance
  • clustering

• Optimising the Website Accessibility Conformance Evaluation Methodology

  Alexander Hambley, Yeliz Yesilada, Markel Vigo, Simon Harper (2022) — Proceedings of the 19th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper critically examines the Website Accessibility Conformance Evaluation Methodology (WCAG-EM), the W3C's standard five-step process for evaluating website conformance to WCAG. The authors identify several methodological weaknesses in WCAG-EM …

  • accessibility evaluation
  • WCAG-EM
  • sampling methodology
  • automated testing
  • web crawling
  • conformance evaluation
  • accessibility audit
  • statistical methods

• Towards Optimised Population Sourcing for Web Accessibility Evaluation

  Alexander Hambley (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This doctoral consortium extended abstract presents a PhD project proposing a novel framework and prototypical tool for optimising web accessibility evaluation through statistically representative page sampling. The work is the single-author companio…

  • automated accessibility testing
  • web accessibility
  • accessibility evaluation
  • web crawling
  • machine learning
  • WCAG compliance
  • accessibility standards
  • large-scale analysis

• OPTIMAL-EM: Optimised Population Sourcing for Web Accessibility Evaluation

  Alexander Hambley, Yeliz Yesilada, Markel Vigo, Simon Harper (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This extended abstract presents OPTIMAL-EM, a prototypical tool and framework designed to optimise the web accessibility evaluation process by systematically selecting representative pages from a website for auditing. Currently, accessibility evaluat…

  • automated accessibility testing
  • web accessibility
  • accessibility evaluation
  • web crawling
  • machine learning
  • WCAG compliance
  • accessibility standards
  • large-scale analysis

• QualState: Finding Website States for Accessibility Evaluation

  Filipe Rosa Martins, Letícia Seixas Pereira, Carlos Duarte (2024) — Proceedings of the 21st International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper introduces QualState, a web crawling tool designed to solve a fundamental limitation of automated accessibility evaluation: the inability to test dynamic content in Single Page Applications (SPAs). SPAs like Facebook, Google Maps, and Gmai…

  • automated testing
  • web accessibility
  • single page applications
  • web crawling
  • accessibility evaluation
  • dynamic content
  • DOM