Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
21 results found in Neurological Conditions.
- Agnosia
- A neurological condition in which a person has difficulty recognising familiar objects, faces, places, sounds, or other sensory stimuli despite intact basic sensory function and general cognition. Spe…
- Amnesia (Memory Loss, Amnestic Disorder)
- A neurological condition characterised by the partial or complete inability to recall past experiences (retrograde amnesia) or to form new memories (anterograde amnesia). Amnesia results from damage t…
- Anterograde Amnesia
- A form of amnesia in which a person is unable to form new memories following the onset of the condition, while memories from before the injury or illness may remain largely intact. Anterograde amnesia…
- Chiari Malformation (Arnold-Chiari Malformation)
- A structural condition in which brain tissue extends into the spinal canal, which can cause a range of neurological symptoms including headaches, balance issues, and vision problems such as blurred or…
- Co-contraction (Unintended Co-contraction, Muscle Co-activation)
- The simultaneous activation of antagonistic muscles — for example, the biceps and triceps firing at the same time. Some co-contraction is normal and useful for joint stability, but involuntary or exce…
- Confabulation (Clinical) (Clinical Confabulation)
- Confabulation in a clinical sense is the unconscious production of fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories without the intent to deceive - the person genuinely believes what they are recount…
- Cortical Plasticity (Brain Plasticity, Neural Plasticity, Cortical Reorganization)
- The brain's ability to reorganize its neural connections and functional organization in response to injury, learning, or environmental changes. In the context of disability and rehabilitation, cortica…
- Epilepsy (Seizure Disorder)
- A chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy affects roughly 1% of the population globally and spans a…
- Freezing of Gait (FOG, Gait Freezing, Motor Blocks)
- A common and debilitating symptom of Parkinson's Disease in which a person suddenly and temporarily feels as though their feet are glued to the floor, despite intending to walk. Freezing episodes typi…
- Intention Tremor (Cerebellar Tremor, Action Tremor)
- A type of tremor that appears or worsens during voluntary, goal-directed movement — particularly as a limb approaches its target — and is typically absent at rest. Intention tremor is most often cause…
- Locked-In Syndrome (LIS, Pseudocoma)
- Locked-in syndrome is a rare neurological condition in which a person is fully conscious and cognitively aware but unable to move or speak due to complete paralysis of nearly all voluntary muscles, of…
- Motor Neuron Disease (MND, ALS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Lou Gehrig's Disease)
- A group of progressive neurological disorders that destroy motor neurons, the cells controlling voluntary muscle activity including speaking, walking, breathing, and swallowing. ALS (amyotrophic later…
- Neuropsychological Assessment (Neuropsychological Testing, Cognitive Assessment)
- A systematic evaluation of cognitive, behavioural, and emotional functioning through standardised tests designed to measure specific brain-behaviour relationships. In the context of accessibility and …
- Paresis (Partial Paralysis)
- A partial loss of voluntary muscle movement, distinguished from full paralysis (plegia). Paresis can affect a single limb (monoparesis), one side of the body (hemiparesis), or all four limbs (tetrapar…
- Perseveration (Perseverative Behavior)
- The uncontrolled repetition of a response, word, phrase, or action that persists beyond the appropriate context. In people with cognitive impairments such as dementia, brain injury, or certain develop…
- Primary Lateral Sclerosis (PLS)
- A rare progressive neurological disease affecting the upper motor neurons, causing weakness and stiffness in the voluntary muscles, particularly in the legs, arms, and tongue. Unlike amyotrophic later…
- Schizophrenia (Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders)
- A chronic psychiatric condition characterized by disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior, including symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, reduced emotio…
- Sensory-Motor Processing (Sensorimotor Processing, Sensorimotor Integration)
- Sensory-motor processing refers to the brain's ability to receive sensory input (visual, auditory, tactile, proprioceptive) and coordinate appropriate motor responses. This includes fine motor control…
- Spasmodic Dysphonia (Laryngeal Dystonia, SD)
- Spasmodic dysphonia is a neurological voice disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the laryngeal muscles during speech, causing interruptions in voice production. The most common form, adduct…
- Synaesthesia (Synesthesia)
- Synaesthesia is a perceptual phenomenon in which a stimulus in one sensory modality automatically and involuntarily triggers an additional experience in a different modality or sub-modality - for exam…