Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
48 results found in Standards.
- Focus trap (Keyboard trap, Focus lock)
- A web accessibility barrier in which keyboard focus becomes confined to a particular element or region of a page, preventing the user from navigating away using standard keyboard commands. Focus traps…
- GAIA (Guidelines for Accessible Interfaces for people with Autism, Guidelines for Accessible Interfaces for Autism)
- A set of design guidelines specifically developed to make digital interfaces more accessible for autistic users. GAIA addresses common barriers that autistic people face when using technology, includi…
- HHS Usability Guidelines (Research-Based Web Design and Usability Guidelines, Usability.gov Guidelines)
- A comprehensive set of evidence-based web design and usability guidelines published by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The guidelines cover areas including homepage design, pag…
- IAccessible2 (IA2)
- An open accessibility API specification originally developed by IBM and donated to the Linux Foundation. IAccessible2 extends Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) to support the richer semantic infor…
- IMS AccessForAll (AccLIP, IMS Accessibility for LIP, AccessForAll)
- A specification from IMS Global Learning Consortium that defines how to describe learner accessibility preferences and match them with appropriate learning resources. IMS AccessForAll extends the IMS …
- IMS Content Packaging (IMS CP, Content Package)
- IMS Content Packaging is a specification from the IMS Global Learning Consortium that defines a standard way to bundle and exchange digital learning content between different learning management syste…
- ISCII (Indian Script Code for Information Interchange)
- A character encoding standard developed by the Government of India for representing Indian language text in digital systems. ISCII uses a single encoding scheme that can represent characters from all …
- ISO 24751 (ISO/IEC 24751, Individualized Adaptability and Accessibility in E-Learning)
- ISO 24751 (Individualized Adaptability and Accessibility in E-Learning, Education and Training) is an international standard for matching the accessibility features of digital learning resources and e…
- ISO 9241-210 (Human-Centred Design Standard, Ergonomics of Human-System Interaction — Part 210)
- An international standard specifying the principles and activities of human-centred design (HCD) for interactive systems. It defines a six-step iterative process — understanding context of use, specif…
- Learning Design (IMS Learning Design, IMS LD)
- A specification from IMS Global Learning Consortium (based on the Educational Modeling Language) that provides a framework for describing the structure and sequence of learning activities, roles, and …
- Learning Object Metadata (LOM, IEEE LOM)
- A data model used to describe learning resources, standardized by IEEE (IEEE 1484.12.1). Learning Object Metadata defines a set of elements organized into categories including general, lifecycle, tech…
- Legal blindness (Legally blind)
- A level of visual impairment defined in many jurisdictions as visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with best correction, or a visual field of 20 degrees or less. Legal blindness is an ad…
- Luminous Efficiency Function (LEF, Spectral Luminous Efficiency Function, V(lambda))
- A function that describes how the human visual system converts light intensity at different wavelengths into perceived brightness. The standard LEF used in WCAG contrast ratio calculations is based on…
- MPEG-4 Facial Action Parameter (MPEG-4 FAP, FAP, Facial Action Parameter, ISO/IEC 14496-2 facial animation)
- A standard for 3D face animation defined in ISO/IEC 14496-2 (MPEG-4), which parameterises a face through 68 feature points whose displacements (scaled relative to the character's own facial proportion…
- MathML (Mathematical Markup Language)
- A W3C standard XML-based markup language for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and content. MathML comes in two forms: presentation MathML, which describes how a formul…
- NIMAS (National Instructional Materials Accessibility Standard)
- A technical standard in the United States that defines a consistent file format for producing accessible versions of print instructional materials. NIMAS is based on the DAISY/NISO standard and specif…
- OpenType (OpenType Font)
- A font format developed by Microsoft and Adobe that supports advanced typographic features including glyph substitution (GSUB) and glyph positioning (GPOS). OpenType fonts are critical for correctly r…
- Plain language (Plain English, Easy read, Simple language)
- A communication approach that uses clear, concise, and well-organised writing designed to be understood the first time it is read. Plain language avoids jargon, complex sentence structures, and ambigu…
- SAPI (Speech Application Programming Interface, Microsoft SAPI)
- The Speech Application Programming Interface (SAPI) is a Microsoft Windows API that enables applications to use speech recognition and text-to-speech synthesis. SAPI provides a standardized interface …
- Stanca Act (Legge Stanca, Italian Accessibility Law, Law 4/2004)
- The Stanca Act (Legge Stanca, Law No. 4 of January 9, 2004) is Italy's primary legislation mandating digital accessibility for public sector websites and services. Named after Lucio Stanca, the Minist…