Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
10 results found in affective computing.
- Arousal (Emotional Arousal, Activation)
- In affect and emotion research, arousal is the dimension of emotional experience that describes activation or energy level — how calm or excited a state feels — independent of whether the emotion is p…
- Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
- The division of the nervous system that regulates involuntary physiological processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and stress responses. The ANS has two main branches:…
- Circumplex Model of Emotion (Russell Circumplex Model, Valence-Arousal Model, Circumplex Model of Affect)
- A psychological model proposed by James Russell in 1980 that arranges emotional states in a two-dimensional plane defined by valence (pleasant vs unpleasant) and arousal (activated vs calm). The four …
- Dominance (Emotion) (Emotional Dominance, Control Dimension)
- In affective science, dominance is the third dimension sometimes added to the two-dimensional valence/arousal plane to form the Pleasure-Arousal-Dominance (PAD) model proposed by Mehrabian and Russell…
- EmojiGrid (Emoji Grid, EmojiGrid Scale)
- A two-dimensional self-report tool, developed by Toet et al. (2018), in which participants rate the emotional content of a stimulus by clicking on a point in a grid whose axes are valence (horizontal)…
- Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
- The variation in time intervals between consecutive heartbeats, reflecting the balance between sympathetic (stress response) and parasympathetic (rest and recovery) branches of the autonomic nervous s…
- Photoplethysmography (PPG)
- A non-invasive optical technique used to detect blood volume changes in peripheral circulation, commonly implemented in wearable devices like smartwatches and fitness trackers. PPG sensors use light (…
- Speech Emotion Recognition (SER, Vocal Emotion Recognition)
- A class of machine-learning techniques that infers a speaker's emotional state from acoustic features of speech — pitch contour, intensity, rhythm, spectral properties, voice quality — usually produci…
- Stanford Emotional Narratives Dataset (SEND, SEND Dataset)
- A publicly available dataset of short video clips of people telling emotionally significant personal stories, created by Ong et al. at Stanford (2019) to support multimodal emotion-recognition researc…
- Valence (Emotional Valence, Hedonic Tone)
- In affective science, valence is the dimension of emotional experience that describes positivity versus negativity — whether a feeling is pleasant or unpleasant. Paired with arousal, valence forms the…