Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
125 results found in deaf and hard of hearing.
- Search-by-Feature (Feature-based sign search, Linguistic-property search)
- A sign-language dictionary search technique in which a user manually selects linguistic properties of the target sign — typically handshape, body-relative location, movement type, orientation, and num…
- Search-by-Video (Video-based search, Search by video)
- A sign-language dictionary search technique in which a user performs a sign into a webcam or camera and computer-vision-based sign recognition returns a ranked list of candidate dictionary entries. Se…
- See-Through Display (Optical See-Through Display, Transparent Display, OST Display)
- A display technology that allows users to view digital content overlaid on the real world by projecting images onto a transparent or semi-transparent surface. Unlike opaque (occlusive) displays that b…
- Shadow Speaking (Shadow Captioning, Respeaking)
- A captioning technique where a trained human operator listens to live speech and repeats (or "respeaks") it clearly into a speech recognition system, which then generates real-time captions. The shado…
- Sign Language
- A visual-gestural language system that uses hand shapes, movements, body language, and facial expressions to convey meaning. Sign languages are complete, natural languages with their own grammar and v…
- Sign Language Interface (Sign-language interface, Signing interface)
- A computing interface that accepts input from, or presents output to, a user in a signed language such as American Sign Language (ASL) or British Sign Language (BSL), rather than assuming a spoken or …
- Sign Language Interpreter (SLI, Interpreter)
- A professional who facilitates communication between Deaf or hard of hearing individuals and hearing individuals by translating between a sign language and a spoken language. Interpreters must be flue…
- Sign Language Interpreting (Sign Language Interpretation, ASL Interpreting)
- The professional practice of translating bidirectionally between a signed language (such as American Sign Language) and a spoken language (such as English) to facilitate communication between Deaf or …
- Sign Name (ASL name sign, Name sign)
- A unique sign in American Sign Language (or another signed language) used to uniquely identify an individual person or, in some proposals, an object or device, in place of fingerspelling their English…
- Sign language animation (ASL animation, Signing avatar technology)
- Computer-generated animated characters that produce sign language from text or script input, offering a potentially scalable alternative to pre-recorded human signer videos for making information acce…
- Sign language avatar (Signing avatar, Virtual signer)
- A computer-generated animated character that produces sign language from text or speech input. While sign language avatars hold potential for scaling deaf accessibility, their premature deployment rai…
- Sign language detection (SL detection, Signing detection)
- The automated identification of whether video content contains sign language communication, using computer vision techniques to analyse motion patterns around detected faces. Sign language detection i…
- Sign language translation (SLT, Sign-to-text translation)
- The automatic conversion of sign language video into written or spoken language text using machine learning. Unlike sign language recognition, which identifies individual signs or glosses, sign langua…
- Signer Box (Signing Space, Sign Space)
- The three-dimensional space in front of a sign language user within which signs are produced, typically extending from the waist to just above the head and about an arm's width to either side. The sig…
- Signer Placement (Interpreter Placement)
- The spatial positioning of a sign language interpreter or signing instructor relative to instructional content in a video, videoconference, or immersive environment. Common arrangements include a side…
- Sonic Agency
- The right and ability to influence and interact with sound in a meaningful way, regardless of one's hearing ability. Sonic agency extends beyond auditory perception to encompass visual, tactile, and k…
- Sound Amplifier (Google Sound Amplifier)
- An Android accessibility feature that uses the smartphone's microphone and headphones to amplify and filter ambient sounds in real-time, making it easier for hard of hearing users to hear conversation…
- Sound Awareness (Sound Awareness Technology, Environmental Sound Awareness)
- The ability to perceive, identify, and respond to sounds in one's environment, and the assistive technologies designed to support this ability for Deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Sound awareness…
- Sound Communication Technology (SCT)
- Technologies designed to communicate aspects of sound through non-auditory sensory modalities, enabling access to audio information for people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing. Examples include close…
- Sound Event Detection (Audio Tagging, Automatic Sound Recognition)
- A machine learning technique that automatically identifies and classifies sounds within an audio stream, such as music, applause, laughter, environmental noises, and other non-speech audio events. In …