Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
56 results found in research methodology.
- Experiential learning (Learning by doing, Experience-based learning)
- Experiential learning is a pedagogical approach in which knowledge and skills are acquired through direct, concrete experience rather than passive instruction. Grounded in theories by Kolb and others,…
- FATE Framework (FATE, Fairness Accountability Transparency Ethics)
- An ethical framework for evaluating AI and machine learning systems across four dimensions: Fairness (ensuring equitable treatment and outcomes across different groups), Accountability (establishing r…
- Fixation Duration (Fixation Time, Gaze Duration)
- The length of time the eye remains relatively still on a specific point in a visual display during reading or visual processing. In eye-tracking research, fixation duration is a key metric for measuri…
- Gait analysis (Walking pattern analysis, Locomotion analysis)
- The systematic study of human walking patterns, including step frequency, stride length, body sway, and turning behaviour, using sensors or observation. In accessibility research, gait analysis reveal…
- Growth mixture model (GMM, Latent class growth model)
- A statistical method that identifies unobserved subpopulations (latent classes) within a dataset based on distinct patterns of change over time. In accessibility research, growth mixture models can re…
- HCI4D (Human-Computer Interaction for Development)
- A subfield of human-computer interaction that focuses on designing and evaluating interactive technologies specifically for development contexts, addressing the needs of underserved and marginalized c…
- ICTD (Information and Communication Technologies and Development, ICT4D)
- A research field and practice area focused on designing, deploying, and evaluating information and communication technologies to improve socio-economic outcomes in low-resource and developing contexts…
- Improvisation (Design Improvisation, Research Improvisation)
- In the context of accessibility research and design, improvisation refers to the practice of creatively adapting plans and methods in response to unexpected circumstances, defined as "a creative act c…
- Laddering Method (Laddering Technique, Laddering Interview)
- A qualitative-quantitative research method used in user experience research to understand why users value certain product features. Rooted in Means-End theory, the technique involves asking participan…
- Magnitude Estimation (Psychophysical Scaling, Stevens Method)
- A psychophysics research method where participants assign numerical values to stimuli based on their perceived intensity or magnitude. In accessibility research, magnitude estimation is used to determ…
- Means-End Chain (MEC, Means-End Theory)
- A theoretical framework and analytical output from Laddering research that maps how product attributes lead to functional and psychosocial consequences, which in turn connect to personal values. A cha…
- Model Human Processor (MHP, Human Processor Model)
- A cognitive architecture developed by Card, Moran, and Newell (1983) that models human information processing as three interconnected subsystems: perceptual, cognitive, and motor processors, each with…
- Modified Borg Scale (Borg CR10 Scale, MBS, Borg Scale)
- A self-report rating scale used to measure the perceived intensity of physical sensations such as breathlessness, exertion, or pain, ranging from 0 (nothing at all) to 10 (maximal). Originally develop…
- Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)
- A widely used cognitive screening tool designed to detect mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The MoCA assesses multiple cognitive domains including short-term memory, visuospatial abilities, executive f…
- PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, PANAS Scale)
- PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule) is a validated psychological instrument for measuring emotional states, consisting of two 10-item scales measuring positive affect (PA) and negative affec…
- Participatory Action Research (PAR, Action Research)
- A collaborative research methodology that involves participants as co-researchers in identifying problems, designing solutions, and implementing changes. In accessibility research, PAR ensures people …
- Podcast analysis (Podcast content analysis)
- A qualitative research method that uses publicly available podcast episodes as data sources, applying thematic or content analysis to extract insights from naturalistic discussions. In accessibility r…
- Power Dynamics (Power Differentials)
- The imbalance of influence, authority, or social status between individuals or groups that shapes their interactions and relationships. In accessibility research and practice, power dynamics between r…
- Proxy stakeholder (Proxy informant, Proxy respondent)
- In requirements engineering and participatory design, a proxy stakeholder is a person—such as a caregiver, support worker, family member, or healthcare professional—who actively mediates, interprets, …
- Psychometric validation (Psychometric evaluation, Instrument validation)
- The process of establishing that a measurement instrument (such as a questionnaire or scale) possesses adequate reliability (consistency of measurement), criterion validity (correlation with establish…