Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 261 of 333
- Sign Recognition (Indoor sign recognition, Signage recognition)
- The task of automatically detecting, reading, and interpreting signs in an environment — for accessibility purposes, typically indoor directional signs (arrows pointing to corridors or facilities) and…
- Sign Spotting (Sign Detection, Continuous Sign Spotting)
- Sign spotting is the task of automatically locating instances of specific signs within a continuous signing video, as opposed to classifying a pre-segmented isolated sign. It is a building block for s…
- Sign Vocabulary (Signing Vocabulary, Sign Lexicon)
- The set of signs that a person knows or that a sign language recognition system can identify. In the context of sign language technology, vocabulary size is a critical constraint that determines a sys…
- Sign Writing (SignWriting, Sutton SignWriting)
- A graphical notation system for writing sign languages, developed by Valerie Sutton in 1974. Sign Writing uses visual symbols to represent hand shapes, movements, facial expressions, and body position…
- Sign language (Manual language, Visual-gestural language)
- A natural language that uses manual articulation (handshapes, movement, location relative to the body), facial expressions, and body posture to convey meaning, serving as the primary or preferred lang…
- Sign language animation (ASL animation, Signing avatar technology)
- Computer-generated animated characters that produce sign language from text or script input, offering a potentially scalable alternative to pre-recorded human signer videos for making information acce…
- Sign language avatar (Signing avatar, Virtual signer)
- A computer-generated animated character that produces sign language from text or speech input. While sign language avatars hold potential for scaling deaf accessibility, their premature deployment rai…
- Sign language detection (SL detection, Signing detection)
- The automated identification of whether video content contains sign language communication, using computer vision techniques to analyse motion patterns around detected faces. Sign language detection i…
- Sign language translation (SLT, Sign-to-text translation)
- The automatic conversion of sign language video into written or spoken language text using machine learning. Unlike sign language recognition, which identifies individual signs or glosses, sign langua…
- SignWriting
- A writing system for sign languages that uses visual symbols to represent handshapes, movements, facial expressions, and body positions. Created by Valerie Sutton in 1974, SignWriting allows sign lang…
- Signal Detection Theory (SDT)
- A statistical framework used to measure the accuracy of a system or person in distinguishing between the presence and absence of a target signal amid noise. In accessibility and assistive technology r…
- Signal Drift (Baseline Drift, DC Drift)
- Signal drift is the gradual, unintended change in the baseline level of a measured signal over time, caused by factors unrelated to the intended measurement. In bio-electrical sensing for assistive te…
- Signal Fingerprinting (Wireless Fingerprinting, RF Fingerprinting, Bluetooth Fingerprinting)
- Signal fingerprinting is a technique used in indoor positioning systems where the unique pattern of wireless signal strengths (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or RFID) at specific locations within a buildin…
- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR, S/N Ratio)
- A measure of the strength of a desired signal relative to background noise, expressed in decibels (dB). In accessibility, signal-to-noise ratio is critical for the effectiveness of auditory interfaces…
- Signature Guide (Writing Guide, Handwriting Guide)
- A small rectangular card, typically credit-card sized, with a cutout opening that enables blind people to write or sign in a straight line on paper. Signature guides are one of the simplest and most w…
- Signbank (Auslan Signbank)
- An online dictionary and lexical database for a sign language, typically providing video or image entries for each sign along with metadata such as handshape, region, and usage examples. Auslan Signba…
- Signed Chinese (Manually Coded Chinese, Wenfa Shouyu)
- A manually coded signing system that imposes the grammar and word order of written/spoken Mandarin Chinese onto signs, analogous to Signed Exact English in anglophone contexts. Signed Chinese is commo…
- Signed English (SE, Manually Coded English)
- Signed English (SE) is an artificial sign system that represents English words and grammar using manual signs, following English word order and syntax rather than the grammar of a natural sign languag…
- Signed Exact English (SEE, SEE-II, Signing Exact English)
- A manually coded sign system that represents spoken English visually by following English grammar, word order, and morphology rather than using the natural grammar of American Sign Language (ASL). Unl…
- Signer (Sign Language User, Signing Person)
- A person who communicates using sign language. In accessibility contexts, signers may be deaf, hard of hearing, or hearing individuals (such as interpreters, children of deaf adults, or others who hav…