Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
42 results found in Computer Vision.
- 3D Reconstruction (Scene Reconstruction, 3D Scene Reconstruction)
- The computer vision task of recovering the 3D structure of a scene - geometry, camera positions, and sometimes object trajectories - from one or more 2D images or video frames. Techniques range from c…
- Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost)
- A machine learning ensemble method that combines multiple weak classifiers to create a strong classifier, with each successive classifier focusing on the examples that previous classifiers misclassifi…
- ArUco Marker (ArUco Fiducial)
- A square fiducial marker composed of a black border and an inner binary pattern that encodes a unique ID, designed for fast, robust pose estimation from a single camera image. ArUco markers are widely…
- Depth Estimation (Monocular Depth Estimation, Depth Prediction)
- The computer vision task of predicting the distance from the camera to each point in a scene, producing a depth map in which each pixel carries a distance value. Monocular depth estimation uses a sing…
- Depth Sensing (Depth Perception (computer vision), 3D Sensing)
- The ability of a sensor or system to measure the distance from itself to objects in the scene, producing a depth map or point cloud rather than a flat image. Common approaches include stereo vision (t…
- Eigenfaces
- A computer vision technique for face recognition that uses Principal Component Analysis to represent faces as a linear combination of standardized face components (eigenvectors derived from a training…
- Element Detection (UI Element Detection, Widget Detection, Object Detection)
- The task of automatically identifying the locations and types of user interface components (such as buttons, text fields, images, and checkboxes) from a screenshot using computer vision models. Elemen…
- Facial Expression Analysis (Automated Facial Expression Analysis, Facial Coding, AFEA)
- The automated classification of a person's facial movements into discrete emotion categories (happy, angry, neutral, surprised, etc.) using computer vision. In hiring, facial expression analysis is em…
- Facial Gesture Recognition (Face Tracking, Facial Expression Recognition)
- Technology that uses cameras and computer vision algorithms to detect and interpret facial movements and expressions in real time. For accessibility, facial gestures such as opening the mouth, raising…
- Facial Recognition (Face Recognition, FR)
- Facial recognition is a computer vision technology that identifies or verifies a person by analyzing and comparing patterns in their facial features from digital images or video. In accessibility cont…
- Few-Shot Object Recognition (Few-Shot Recognition)
- A machine learning approach in which a model learns to identify a novel object from only a handful of labelled examples (commonly one to ten) rather than the hundreds or thousands typical of conventio…
- Grad-CAM (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping)
- A widely used explainable AI technique, introduced by Selvaraju et al. in 2017, that produces a class-discriminative heat map over an input image by weighting convolutional feature maps by the gradien…
- Hand-Object Interaction (Hand-Object Interactions, HOI)
- The full range of physical actions people perform when grasping, touching, holding, manipulating, or gesturing toward objects with their hands. In accessibility research, hand-object interactions are …
- Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG)
- A feature descriptor technique used in computer vision for object detection that counts occurrences of gradient orientations in localized portions of an image. HOG captures edge and texture informatio…
- Image Obfuscation (Image Masking, Visual Privacy Protection)
- Techniques applied to images to obscure or remove sensitive visual information before sharing or processing, such as blurring, pixelation, edge filtering, or masking regions of an image. In accessibil…
- Image Processing (Digital Image Processing)
- The use of computational algorithms to analyze, enhance, transform, or extract information from digital images. In accessibility, image processing techniques are applied to convert visual content into…
- Image Segmentation (Region Segmentation)
- A computer vision technique that partitions a digital image into multiple distinct regions or segments based on shared characteristics such as color, intensity, or texture. In accessibility applicatio…
- Inception-v3 (Inception v3)
- A deep convolutional neural network architecture developed by Google for image recognition, introduced in 2015. It uses "inception modules" that apply multiple convolution filter sizes in parallel to …
- Intersection Detection (Junction detection, Corridor intersection recognition)
- A computer-vision or sensor-fusion technique used in indoor navigation systems for blind travellers to identify where two or more walkable corridors meet, so the navigation software can update the use…
- Large Vision Model (LVM)
- A large vision model is a foundation model trained on very large image (and often video) datasets to produce general-purpose visual representations - capable of object detection, segmentation, caption…