Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
30 results found in Privacy.
- Affirmative Consent (Yes Means Yes)
- A consent model that requires explicit, active agreement to an action - typically framed as 'yes means yes' rather than the absence of refusal. Originating in sexual-violence prevention and adopted in…
- Ambient Audio (Ambient Sound, Environmental Audio, Background Audio)
- The background sound of an environment — voices, traffic, water, wind, music, birdsong — captured incidentally rather than as the main focus of a recording. In accessible photography and audiophotogra…
- Aural Eavesdropping (Audio Eavesdropping, Auditory Shoulder Surfing)
- A security attack in which an unauthorized person overhears sensitive information such as passwords, PINs, or personal data being spoken aloud. This is a particular concern for people who are blind or…
- Biometric Authentication (Biometrics, Biometric Identification)
- A security method that verifies a person's identity using unique biological characteristics such as fingerprints, facial features, iris patterns, or voice. For people with vision impairments, biometri…
- Busyness (Activity Level, Activity Intensity)
- In the telecare literature, busyness is a coarse-grained measure of overall domestic activity — typically the count of ambient sensor firings per room per time period — used as a proxy for a resident'…
- Communication Privacy Management Theory (CPM, CPM Theory)
- A communication theory developed by Sandra Petronio that treats private information as something people own and collectively manage through negotiated rules about boundaries, co-ownership, and turbule…
- Consent (Informed Consent)
- Voluntary, informed, and revocable agreement by a person to a particular action or interaction involving them - whether that is sexual activity, data collection, medical treatment, research participat…
- Dataveillance
- Surveillance conducted through the systematic collection, aggregation, and analysis of personal digital data — clicks, location traces, physiological signals, text, voice, facial data — rather than th…
- End-to-End Verifiable Voting (E2E-V, End-to-End Verifiable Election System)
- A class of voting systems designed so that each voter can independently verify their vote was cast as intended, recorded as cast, and counted as recorded, while preserving ballot secrecy. Examples inc…
- Facial Recognition (Face Recognition, FR)
- Facial recognition is a computer vision technology that identifies or verifies a person by analyzing and comparing patterns in their facial features from digital images or video. In accessibility cont…
- Federated Learning (FL)
- A machine-learning approach in which a shared model is trained across many user devices without the raw training data ever leaving those devices: each device computes updates locally and sends only mo…
- GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)
- A comprehensive data privacy regulation enacted by the European Union in 2018 that governs how organizations collect, store, process, and share personal data of EU residents. GDPR establishes key prin…
- HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
- A 1996 United States federal law that establishes national standards for the protection of certain health information. HIPAA's Privacy Rule governs who may access protected health information (PHI), w…
- Identity Wallet (Digital Identity Wallet, EUDI Wallet)
- A smartphone app that stores digitally signed credentials representing attributes of a person's identity — such as name, date of birth, government-issued ID number, student enrolment, or professional …
- Image Obfuscation (Image Masking, Visual Privacy Protection)
- Techniques applied to images to obscure or remove sensitive visual information before sharing or processing, such as blurring, pixelation, edge filtering, or masking regions of an image. In accessibil…
- Implicit Interaction (Implicit Input, Implicit Human-Computer Interaction)
- Implicit interaction refers to user input that the system infers from natural behaviors not explicitly performed for the purpose of issuing commands, such as gaze, gait, posture, physiological signals…
- Local-First Software (Local-First)
- A software design philosophy, articulated by Kleppmann and colleagues in 2019, in which applications keep the user's primary data on local devices and treat cloud services as optional synchronization …
- On-device Recognition (On-Device Inference, Edge Recognition)
- Performing pattern recognition - such as sign language recognition, speech recognition, or computer vision - locally on the user's device rather than by sending input to a remote server. On-device rec…
- Privacy
- The right and practical ability of a person to control the collection, use, and disclosure of information about themselves, their body, their activities, and their relationships. For accessibility, pr…
- Privacy Threat Model (Privacy Threat Analysis, Privacy Risk Assessment)
- A systematic process for identifying, classifying, and evaluating potential privacy risks that a technology system may pose to its users. Privacy threat modeling extends security-focused frameworks (l…