Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
18 results found in Emerging Technology.
- 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS, Gaussian Splatting)
- An explicit 3D scene representation, introduced by Kerbl et al. in 2023, in which a scene is modelled as a cloud of anisotropic 3D Gaussians whose positions, shapes, colours, and opacities are optimis…
- AI-Generated Content (AIGC)
- An umbrella term for text, images, audio, video, and other media produced by generative AI systems — especially large language models and diffusion-based text-to-image or text-to-video models — in res…
- Affective Haptics (Emotional Haptics)
- A subfield of haptic interaction design concerned with using tactile and kinaesthetic feedback — vibration, pressure, temperature, squeezing, stroking, heartbeat-like pulsation — to communicate, evoke…
- Always-On Computing (Always-available computing, Continuous computing)
- A model of interaction in which computing devices — particularly wearables such as smartwatches, AR glasses, and fitness trackers — remain continuously active and accessible throughout the day rather …
- Brain-Computer Interface (BCI, Brain-Machine Interface, BMI, Neural Interface)
- A technology that enables direct communication between the brain and an external device by detecting and interpreting neural signals. BCIs can use invasive methods (implanted electrodes) or non-invasi…
- Facial Avatar (Singing head, Talking head avatar)
- A digital, animated representation of a face — typically rendered as a 3D or stylized 2D character from the neck up — driven by audio, video, or data signals to produce expressive facial behavior such…
- Identity Wallet (Digital Identity Wallet, EUDI Wallet)
- A smartphone app that stores digitally signed credentials representing attributes of a person's identity — such as name, date of birth, government-issued ID number, student enrolment, or professional …
- Mid-Air Ultrasound Haptics (Ultrasound Haptics, Airborne Ultrasound Tactile Display, AUTD)
- A non-contact haptic technology that uses phased arrays of ultrasonic transducers to focus acoustic radiation pressure onto a user's skin, producing tactile sensations in mid-air without any worn or h…
- Mobile AR (Smartphone AR, Handheld AR)
- Augmented reality experiences delivered on commodity smartphones and tablets using the built-in camera, display, inertial sensors, and (increasingly) depth sensors, without specialized AR headsets. Mo…
- Muscle-Computer Interface (MCI (Muscle-Computer Interface), EMG Interface)
- An input modality in which signals generated by muscle contractions — typically recorded via surface electromyography (sEMG) sensors worn on the forearm or other muscle group — are interpreted by a co…
- Neural Radiance Field (NeRF)
- An implicit neural representation of a 3D scene, introduced by Mildenhall et al. in 2020, in which a small neural network is trained to map any 3D coordinate and viewing direction to a colour and dens…
- Non-Contact Haptics (Contactless Haptics, Device-Free Haptics)
- A class of haptic feedback techniques that render tactile sensations on the user's body without requiring physical contact with a device, surface, or wearable. Common approaches include mid-air ultras…
- Semantic Hearing (Programmable Hearing, Intent-Aware Hearing)
- A research paradigm and class of systems that treat the user's auditory environment as something programmable: rather than uniformly amplifying or suppressing all sound, the wearable headphone or earb…
- Smart Environment (Intelligent Environment, Smart Space)
- A physical space equipped with sensors, computing devices, and networked systems that can monitor conditions, infer context, and respond to the activities and needs of occupants. Smart environments ai…
- Spatial Computing (Spatial interaction)
- A paradigm of computing in which digital content is rendered and interacted with in three-dimensional physical space, typically via head-worn augmented or mixed reality devices (e.g., HoloLens, Magic …
- Spatio-Temporal Modulation (STM)
- A rendering technique used in mid-air ultrasound haptics in which a single focal point is moved rapidly along a closed trajectory (commonly circular) while its intensity is modulated over time. When t…
- Speech Language Model (SLM, Audio Language Model, Speech Foundation Model)
- A class of large neural models that processes both speech and text in a single end-to-end framework, integrating tasks — automatic speech recognition, spoken language understanding, dialogue, speech g…
- Verifiable Credential (VC)
- A cryptographically signed statement about a person, organisation, or object that a relying party can verify without contacting the issuer, following the W3C Verifiable Credentials Data Model. Verifia…