Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

13 results found in Auditory Accessibility.

Acoustic Accessibility (Sound Accessibility)
An emerging framing of accessibility that considers a user's full acoustic environment - which sounds reach them, how loud, and in what mix - as a design surface to be adapted to individual sensory ne…
Active Noise Cancellation (ANC, Active Noise Control)
A technique that reduces unwanted ambient sound by using microphones to capture incoming noise and electronically generating an inverted (anti-phase) audio signal that destructively interferes with it…
Audio Interference (Audio Conflict, Speech Conflict)
Audio interference in a digital accessibility context is the overlap of two or more sound streams in a user's environment such that one masks another — most commonly, auto-playing media audio on a web…
Background Noise (Ambient noise, Environmental noise)
The sum of unwanted or competing sound in an environment — traffic, construction, conversation, HVAC systems, weather — that is present alongside a signal of interest. Background noise is characterize…
Frequency Selectivity (Auditory Frequency Resolution, Critical Band Selectivity)
Frequency selectivity is the auditory system's ability to separate closely-spaced frequencies into distinct perceptual streams — the reason a typical listener can follow one voice in a crowd, hear the…
Listening Rate (Comprehension Speed, Listening Speed)
The maximum speed at which an individual can accurately comprehend spoken or synthesized speech, typically measured as a normalized value or in words per minute. Research shows that experienced screen…
Loudness Recruitment (Recruitment, Hyperacusis-like Recruitment)
Loudness recruitment is a common consequence of sensorineural hearing loss in which the range between 'just audible' and 'uncomfortably loud' sounds is compressed — quiet sounds are harder to hear, bu…
Semantic Hearing (Programmable Hearing, Intent-Aware Hearing)
A research paradigm and class of systems that treat the user's auditory environment as something programmable: rather than uniformly amplifying or suppressing all sound, the wearable headphone or earb…
Speech Rate (Speaking Rate, Articulation Rate)
The speed at which speech is produced, typically measured in words per minute (WPM) or syllables per second. Normal conversational speech ranges from 120-180 WPM, while screen reader users often confi…
Target Sound Extraction (Target Sound Separation, TSE)
A machine-learning task in which a model isolates a specific target sound (or class of sounds) from a complex acoustic mixture, conditioned on some specification of the target - a text label, a refere…
Time-compressed Speech (Accelerated Speech, Speed-altered Speech)
Speech that has been digitally processed to play at a faster rate than it was originally recorded or synthesized, while preserving pitch. Unlike simply increasing playback speed (which raises pitch), …
Voicemail (Voice Mail, Voice Messaging)
Voicemail is a telecommunications service that records an audio message from a caller when the called party is unavailable, for later retrieval by the recipient. Accessibility considerations include: …
Words Per Minute (WPM)
A standard measure of speech or reading speed, representing the number of words produced or comprehended in one minute. Typical human speech occurs at 120-180 WPM, average reading speed is 200-250 WPM…