Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
35 results found in AI and accessibility.
- 3D Reconstruction (Scene Reconstruction, 3D Scene Reconstruction)
- The computer vision task of recovering the 3D structure of a scene - geometry, camera positions, and sometimes object trajectories - from one or more 2D images or video frames. Techniques range from c…
- AI Proxy (AI Proxying)
- A design pattern in which an AI system acts on a user's behalf within a social, communicative, or interpretive setting — for example, generating a facial expression, voice, or written reply that repre…
- Automatic Captions (Auto-Generated Captions, Auto Captions, ASR Captions)
- Captions produced by automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems without human transcription, typically generated by the hosting platform (e.g., YouTube, Zoom, Microsoft Teams) as an optional layer on …
- Calibrated Trust (Appropriate Reliance, Trust Calibration)
- An HCI and human-factors concept, articulated by Lee and See, describing the alignment between a user's trust in an automated or AI system and the system's actual capability in a given context: trusti…
- Chart Question Answering (Chart QA, ChartQA, Visual Question Answering for Charts)
- The task of answering natural-language questions about a data visualization, typically a chart provided as an image or structured specification. A chart question answering system must identify the cha…
- Clarifying Question (Clarifying Questions, Counter-Question)
- A clarifying question is a follow-up query posed by a system or interlocutor to resolve ambiguity, fill missing context, or confirm intent before acting on a user's request. In conversational interfac…
- Confidence Indicator (Confidence Score, Uncertainty Indicator)
- An interface element that communicates how certain an AI or automated system is about a given output, helping users decide how much to trust the result. In accessibility tools for blind and low-vision…
- Depth Estimation (Monocular Depth Estimation, Depth Prediction)
- The computer vision task of predicting the distance from the camera to each point in a scene, producing a depth map in which each pixel carries a distance value. Monocular depth estimation uses a sing…
- Diffusion Model (Diffusion-based Generator, Denoising Diffusion Model)
- A diffusion model is a class of generative AI that learns to produce images or videos by iteratively denoising a random noise input, reversing a forward process that gradually adds noise to training d…
- Dimensionality Reduction (Dimension Reduction, UMAP, t-SNE)
- Dimensionality reduction is a class of machine learning techniques that transform high-dimensional data — such as the vector embeddings produced by neural networks — into lower-dimensional representat…
- Disability-First Dataset (Disability-first AI dataset)
- An approach to AI dataset creation, articulated by Theodorou et al. and others, that treats serving a disability community as the primary objective rather than collecting disability data as a minority…
- End-User Programming (EUP, End-User Development, EUD)
- A design approach that enables people without formal programming training to create, modify, or combine software behaviors to suit their own needs. Typical end-user programming systems expose computat…
- Feature Extraction (Feature Engineering, Representation Learning)
- Feature extraction is the process of identifying and isolating measurable properties or characteristics (features) from raw data such as images, audio, or text, for use in machine learning tasks. In i…
- Foundation Model (Large Pretrained Model, General-Purpose AI Model, GPAI)
- A foundation model is a large AI model trained on broad, general-purpose data — typically at massive scale using self-supervised or unsupervised learning — that can be adapted (fine-tuned) for a wide …
- Human-AI Co-Creation (Human-AI Co-Creative, Co-Creative AI, Mixed-Initiative Co-Creation)
- Human-AI co-creation refers to creative work in which a person and an AI system iteratively contribute to the same artifact, with each shaping the other's next move rather than the AI acting as a one-…
- Human-Centered AI (HCAI, Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, HCXAI, Human-Centered Explainable AI)
- Human-Centered AI (HCAI) is a design and research orientation that places human experience, context, agency, and values at the center of how AI systems are built and evaluated, rather than optimizing …
- Immersive Analytics (3D Data Visualisation, Spatial Analytics, Immersive Visualisation)
- Immersive analytics is the application of interactive 3D, virtual reality (VR), or augmented reality (AR) technologies to support data exploration, analysis, and decision-making. By leveraging spatial…
- Implicit Interaction (Implicit Input, Implicit Human-Computer Interaction)
- Implicit interaction refers to user input that the system infers from natural behaviors not explicitly performed for the purpose of issuing commands, such as gaze, gait, posture, physiological signals…
- Large Vision Model (LVM)
- A large vision model is a foundation model trained on very large image (and often video) datasets to produce general-purpose visual representations - capable of object detection, segmentation, caption…
- Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP)
- Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) is an explainable AI technique that attributes a neural network's prediction back to its input features by propagating relevance scores layer by layer from the o…