Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 259 of 333
- Shoreline Technique (Trailing, Edge Following)
- An orientation and mobility technique used by people who are blind or have low vision in which the traveler follows a consistent edge or boundary — such as the edge of a sidewalk, a wall, a fence line…
- Shorelining (Trailing)
- An orientation and mobility technique in which a person with a visual impairment follows a consistent surface edge — such as a wall, curb, edge of a sidewalk, or other contrasting surface — to maintai…
- Short-Form Video Content (SFVC, Short-Form Content, SFC)
- Brief video content, typically 15–60 seconds long, presented in portrait orientation and consumed via infinite vertical scroll on platforms such as TikTok, Instagram Reels, YouTube Shorts, Facebook Re…
- Short-Term Memory (STM, Immediate Memory)
- The cognitive system that temporarily holds small amounts of information (typically 7±2 items) for brief periods, usually less than 30 seconds without rehearsal. Short-term memory is distinct from wor…
- Shoulder Surfing
- A form of visual eavesdropping where an attacker observes a person entering sensitive information such as passwords, PINs, or personal data by looking over their shoulder or from a nearby vantage poin…
- Shutdown (Autistic Shutdown)
- A response to overwhelming sensory, emotional, or cognitive input in which an autistic person withdraws or retreats from their environment. Unlike meltdowns (which are outward expressions of distress)…
- Sidewalk Accessibility (Pedestrian Accessibility, Walkway Accessibility)
- Sidewalk accessibility refers to the degree to which pedestrian pathways and related infrastructure — including sidewalks, curb ramps, crosswalks, and pedestrian signals — can be safely and independen…
- SigLIP (Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Training)
- A vision-language model that uses sigmoid loss instead of contrastive loss for aligning images with text descriptions. SigLIP improves upon CLIP by using a more efficient training objective that compu…
- Sight Reading (Sight-Reading, Prima Vista)
- The practice of performing music from a written score without prior rehearsal or familiarity with the piece. Sight reading is a core skill in many musical contexts, particularly classical music, orche…
- Sight-Reading (Sight Reading)
- The ability to read and perform music from a written score for the first time, without prior practice or memorization. Sight-reading requires simultaneously decoding musical notation and executing it …
- Sighted Assistance (Visual Interpreting, Remote Sighted Assistance)
- Sighted assistance refers to services that connect blind or low-vision individuals with sighted people who can provide visual information on demand, typically through a live video call from a smartpho…
- Sighted Assistant (Sighted Guide, Visual Interpreter)
- A sighted person who provides support to blind or low vision participants during design workshops, research activities, or other collaborative tasks. In accessible design contexts, sighted assistants …
- Sighted Bias (Visual Bias, Ocularcentrism)
- The tendency in technology design to privilege sighted ways of perceiving and understanding the world, often unconsciously centering visual sensibilities in interfaces, descriptions, and assessment cr…
- Sighted Braille Learner (Visual Braille Learner)
- A person with typical vision who learns to read and write braille, usually for professional or personal reasons such as teaching blind students or supporting a blind family member. Sighted braille lea…
- Sighted Guide (Sighted Guide Technique, Human Guide)
- A technique in which a sighted person assists a blind or low vision individual with navigation and orientation by serving as a visual reference and mobility aid. In physical settings, the blind person…
- Sighted Memory (Visual Memory, Sighted Recall)
- A mental representation of a physical environment developed through past visual experience, used by people who lose their sight later in life to navigate and understand spaces they previously knew vis…
- Sighted People Interference (Sighted Interference)
- A social barrier experienced by blind and visually impaired people when sighted individuals's reactions, interventions, or presence impede their independent activities in public spaces. This can inclu…
- Sighted-Centric Design (Vision-Centric Design)
- Design approaches and practices that privilege sighted sensemaking and marginalize blind and non-visual ways of relating to the world. Sighted-centered design produces technologies, interfaces, and de…
- Sign Duration (Sign Speed, Signing Speed)
- The average time spent performing individual signs during sign language production, typically measured in seconds. Sign duration is a key parameter in sign language animation that affects both underst…
- Sign Language
- A visual-gestural language system that uses hand shapes, movements, body language, and facial expressions to convey meaning. Sign languages are complete, natural languages with their own grammar and v…