Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 262 of 333
- Signer Box (Signing Space, Sign Space)
- The three-dimensional space in front of a sign language user within which signs are produced, typically extending from the waist to just above the head and about an arm's width to either side. The sig…
- Signer Placement (Interpreter Placement)
- The spatial positioning of a sign language interpreter or signing instructor relative to instructional content in a video, videoconference, or immersive environment. Common arrangements include a side…
- Signer-Independent Recognition (signer-independent SLR)
- A sign language recognition approach designed to work with signers whose data was not included in the training set. Similar to speaker-independent speech recognition, signer-independent systems must h…
- Signifier (Perceived Affordance)
- A perceptible cue — visual, auditory, or tactile — that indicates how an element can or should be used, making an underlying affordance discoverable. In Don Norman’s refinement of affordance theory, t…
- Signing Avatar (Sign Language Avatar, Virtual Signer)
- A 3D computer-generated character that produces sign language through animated hand movements, facial expressions, and body posture. Signing avatars are used in educational contexts to deliver accessi…
- Signing Avatar (Sign Language Avatar, Virtual Signer)
- A computer-generated animated character that produces sign language output, translating text or spoken content into visual sign language for deaf and hard of hearing users. Signing avatars are used in…
- Signing Gesture Markup Language (SiGML)
- Signing Gesture Markup Language (SiGML) is an XML-compliant notation for representing sign language gestures, developed as part of the ViSiCAST project at the University of East Anglia. SiGML is desig…
- Signing Space (Sign Space)
- The three-dimensional area in front of a signer where sign language is produced, typically extending from waist to head height and shoulder width to either side. In American Sign Language and other si…
- Silent Gap Detection (Silence Detection, Audio Gap Detection)
- An automated technique for identifying periods of silence or absence of speech in audio tracks, used in audio description workflows to find natural insertion points for descriptions. Silent gap detect…
- Silent Speech (Silent Speech Interface, SSI)
- Communication technologies that generate intelligible speech from non-acoustic signals produced during the intent or attempt to speak, without requiring audible voicing. Input modalities include surfa…
- Simple Reaction Time (SRT, Reaction Time Test)
- A psychometric measure of the time it takes a person to respond to a single stimulus, such as pressing a button when a light appears. Simple Reaction Time is used in accessibility and usability resear…
- Simple View of Reading (SVR)
- An influential reading model proposed by Gough and Tunmer that defines reading comprehension as the product of two components: decoding ability (D) and language comprehension (L), expressed as RC = D …
- Simplified Interface (Reduced Complexity Interface, Easy Mode)
- A user interface design that intentionally reduces the number of features, options, and interaction steps to make a product or service accessible to users who would be overwhelmed by a standard interf…
- Simulation Glasses (Cataract Glasses, Vision Simulation Glasses, Low-Vision Simulation Goggles)
- Simulation glasses are wearable lenses or goggles that reproduce the functional visual experience of specific eye conditions — cataracts, macular degeneration, glaucoma, hemianopia, and others — by bl…
- Simulator Sickness (VR Sickness, Cybersickness, Motion Sickness in VR)
- A form of motion sickness experienced in virtual reality caused by a mismatch between visual perception of movement and the vestibular system's sense of physical motion. Symptoms include nausea, dizzi…
- Simultanagnosia (Simultagnosia)
- A neurological condition in which a person can perceive individual objects but cannot see or process multiple objects simultaneously within a visual scene. Simultanagnosia is a common feature of cereb…
- Simultaneous Assistance
- Simultaneous assistance, described by Cynthia Bennett and Daniela Rosner, is a form of support in which help flows in multiple directions at once rather than unidirectionally from a non-disabled helpe…
- Simultaneous Color Contrast (Simultaneous Contrast)
- A perceptual phenomenon where the appearance of a colour is influenced by the colours surrounding it, causing the same colour to look different when placed against different backgrounds. For example, …
- Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)
- A foundational robotics technique in which a robot constructs a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously estimating its own pose within that map. SLAM combines sensor input (typically LiDAR,…
- Single Case Experimental Design (SCED, Single Subject Design, N-of-1 Design)
- A research methodology in which individual participants serve as their own control, with repeated measurements taken during baseline and intervention phases to evaluate the effect of a treatment or in…