Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
43 results found tagged alternative text.
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Social accessibility: the challenge of improving web accessibility through collaboration
This paper presents Social Accessibility, a collaborative project from IBM Research Tokyo that enlists volunteers to fix web accessibility problems reported by visually impaired users. The system works through a three-step process: blind users encoun…
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Accessmonkey: A Collaborative Scripting Framework for Web Users and Developers
This paper introduces Accessmonkey, a JavaScript-based scripting framework that enables web users, developers, and researchers to collaboratively improve web accessibility through client-side page modifications. Built as an extension of the Greasemon…
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Interactive SIGHT into Information Graphics
This paper presents Interactive SIGHT (Summarizing Information GrapHics Textually), a system that provides visually impaired users with access to the high-level knowledge conveyed by bar charts in electronic documents. Unlike approaches that simply r…
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What's the Web Like If You Can't See It?
This landmark paper by Chieko Asakawa of IBM Japan traces the evolution of non-visual web access from the early 1990s through 2005, drawing extensively on the author's own experience as a blind researcher and developer. Asakawa chronicles the develop…
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Creating accessible PDFs for conference proceedings
This paper investigates the accessibility of PDF research papers published at major ACM conferences related to accessibility and human-computer interaction. The authors conducted a two-part analysis: first, an automated accessibility check of 1,811 p…
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Editor for accessible images in e-Learning platforms
This extended abstract defines a set of twenty features that an HTML visual text editor should provide to support content authors in creating accessible images within e-learning platforms. The features were derived from reviewing published research o…
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Measuring the Impact of Automated Evaluation Tools on Alternative Text Quality: A Web Translation Study
This paper presents the first empirical study on web accessibility conducted around a translation task, investigating how automated evaluation tools affect the quality of image text alternatives produced by web translators. Twenty-eight professional …
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Semantic Content Analysis Supporting Web Accessibility Evaluation
This paper addresses a fundamental limitation of automated web accessibility evaluation tools: their inability to assess whether text alternatives actually describe the content they refer to. While tools can detect the presence of an alt attribute on…
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Accessify: An ML Powered Application to Provide Accessible Images on Web Sites
This demonstration paper presents Accessify, a browser plugin that uses machine learning to automatically generate alternative text descriptions for all images on a website, injecting them into the page’s DOM so screen readers can access them. The sy…
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Web Accessibility: Is Conformance Evaluation a Way Forward?
This short paper from three W3C/WAI staff members explores the potential and limitations of applying artificial intelligence to improve web accessibility, proposing accessibility conformance evaluation as a strategic pathway to accelerate AI adoption…