Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
51 results found tagged braille.
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Blind People and Mobile Touch-based Text-Entry: Acknowledging the Need for Different Flavors
This paper investigates how individual differences among blind people affect their performance with different touchscreen text-entry methods. Thirteen blind participants (ages 24-62) were evaluated using four methods on a Samsung Galaxy S: QWERTY (st…
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TypeInBraille: A Braille-Based Typing Application for Touchscreen Devices
This demonstration paper presents TypeInBraille, a novel text entry application for touchscreen smartphones that allows blind users to type using Braille code rather than the standard on-screen QWERTY keyboard. While screen readers like VoiceOver hav…
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UbiBraille: Designing and Evaluating a Vibrotactile Braille-Reading Device
This paper presents UbiBraille, a wearable vibrotactile device that enables blind users to read textual information privately and inconspicuously by leveraging their existing knowledge of Braille. The device consists of six small vibration motors att…
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VBGhost: A Braille-Based Educational Smartphone Game for Children
This short paper presents VBGhost, an accessible educational smartphone game for blind and low vision children that reinforces Braille literacy through gameplay. The game is based on Ghost, a word-building game where players take turns adding letters…
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Comparison of Reading Accuracy between Tactile Pie Charts and Tactile Band Charts
This short paper compares the accuracy and efficiency of reading tactile pie charts versus tactile band charts for determining proportional data through touch. The authors are developing software that automatically generates tactile charts from CSV d…
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Tactile Graphics with a Voice Demonstration
This demonstration paper presents Tactile Graphics with a Voice (TGV), a system that makes labels on tactile graphics accessible to blind and low vision users who do not read Braille. STEM textbooks are filled with images — from parabolas to cell dia…
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New Tools for Automating Tactile Geographic Map Translation
This demo paper presents a Matlab-based software tool that semi-automates the conversion of visual geographic maps into tactile versions suitable for blind students. Tactile graphics are the most effective modality for blind people to comprehend grap…
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AccessBraille: Tablet-based Braille Entry
This paper presents AccessBraille, an iOS framework that provides a virtual Braille keyboard for iPad applications. The system is designed as a reusable framework that any iOS developer can integrate into their apps, rather than being a standalone ap…
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Tactile Materials in Practice: Understanding the Experiences of Teachers of the Visually Impaired
This research investigates how Teachers of the Visually Impaired (TVIs) create, acquire, and use tactile materials—tactile graphics, 3D models, and real objects—in their educational practice. Despite growing research interest in tactile material crea…
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The Tactile Graphics Helper: Providing Audio Clarification for Tactile Graphics Using Machine Vision
This paper presents the Tactile Graphics Helper (TGH), a machine vision system that enables students who are blind or visually impaired to independently access clarifying information about tactile graphics without sighted assistance. Tactile graphics…