Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Developing usable CAPTCHAs for blind users

  Jonathan Holman, Jonathan Lazar, Jinjuan Heidi Feng, John D'Arcy (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster from a Towson University team led by Jonathan Lazar — joined by Jonathan Holman, Jinjuan Heidi Feng, and John D'Arcy of Notre Dame — addresses the long-standing accessibility problem that text-based CAPTCHAs (the distort…

  • CAPTCHA
  • audio CAPTCHA
  • blindness and low vision
  • screen readers
  • web accessibility
  • security
  • usability
  • universal usability
  • Turing test
  • visual impairment
  • multimodal
  • JAWS
  • Window-Eyes

• Comparing speaker-dependent and speaker-adaptive acoustic models for recognizing dysarthric speech

  Frank Rudzicz (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster from Frank Rudzicz at the University of Toronto compares two strategies for building automatic speech recognition (ASR) acoustic models that work for people with dysarthria — a set of motor speech disorders that produces…

  • dysarthria
  • automatic speech recognition
  • acoustic model
  • speaker adaptation
  • hidden Markov model
  • phoneme
  • speech intelligibility
  • motor speech disorders
  • machine learning
  • augmentative and alternative communication
  • speech accessibility
  • voice interface

• Information overload in non-visual web transaction: context analysis spells relief

  Jalal Mahmud (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster paper from Jalal Mahmud at Stony Brook University describes ongoing PhD research into reducing the information overload that blind users experience when completing multi-step web transactions — shopping, registrations, b…

  • screen readers
  • non-visual web access
  • web page segmentation
  • context analysis
  • web transactions
  • information overload
  • blindness and low vision
  • VoiceXML
  • machine learning
  • support vector machine
  • web accessibility
  • JAWS
  • IBM Home Page Reader

• WADER: a novel wayfinding system with deviation recovery for individuals with cognitive impairments

  Shih-Kai Tsai (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This short ASSETS 2007 poster paper from Shih-Kai Tsai at Chung Yuan Christian University in Taiwan presents WADER (Wayfinding system with DEviation Recovery), a prototype indoor wayfinding system aimed at individuals with cognitive impairments — exp…

  • wayfinding
  • indoor navigation
  • QR code
  • cognitive accessibility
  • cognitive disabilities
  • traumatic brain injury
  • cerebral palsy
  • intellectual disability
  • schizophrenia
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • PDA
  • mobile accessibility
  • assistive technology
  • independent living
  • employment

• A comparison of area pointing and goal crossing for people with and without motor impairments

  Jacob O. Wobbrock, Krzysztof Z. Gajos (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  Wobbrock and Gajos at the University of Washington present a controlled study comparing two fundamentally different target-acquisition paradigms — conventional area pointing (move into a confined region and click) and goal crossing (sweep the cursor …

  • target acquisition
  • goal crossing
  • area pointing
  • Fitts' law
  • steering law
  • throughput
  • mouse
  • trackball
  • motor accessibility
  • motor impairment
  • cerebral palsy
  • spinal cord injury
  • Parkinson's disease
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • input methods
  • pointing device
  • cursor
  • accessible interfaces

• Slipping and drifting: using older users to uncover pen-based target acquisition difficulties

  Karyn A. Moffatt, Joanna McGrenere (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  Moffatt and McGrenere present an empirical study at the University of British Columbia investigating the underlying causes of pen-based target acquisition difficulty on a Tablet PC, with explicit attention to how age affects targeting ability. Thirty…

  • target acquisition
  • pen-based interaction
  • stylus
  • tablet PC
  • older adults
  • aging
  • inclusive design
  • universal usability
  • Fitts' law
  • motor accessibility
  • input methods
  • menu interaction
  • usability testing

• SIBYLLE: a system for alternative communication adapting to the context and its user

  Tonio Wandmacher, Jean-Yves Antoine, Franck Poirier (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This paper describes the latest version of SIBYLLE, an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) system developed at the Université François Rabelais and the Université Européenne de Bretagne for users with severe motor and speech impairments …

  • augmentative and alternative communication
  • AAC
  • word prediction
  • virtual keyboard
  • single switch
  • scanning
  • latent semantic analysis
  • language model
  • keystroke saving rate
  • text-to-speech
  • locked-in syndrome
  • cerebral palsy
  • rehabilitation
  • multilingual accessibility
  • natural language processing

• Improving the outcomes of students with cognitive and learning disabilities: phase I development for a web accessibility tool

  Aaron Andersen, Cyndi Rowland (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07)

  This poster paper from ASSETS 2007 reports on Phase I of a project to extend the WAVE (Web Accessibility Versatile Evaluator) open-source tool with a new suite of evaluators specifically targeting the cognitive load of web pages. The work, led by Web…

  • cognitive accessibility
  • cognitive disabilities
  • learning disabilities
  • cognitive load
  • evaluation tools
  • WAVE
  • WebAIM
  • web accessibility
  • students
  • education
  • automated testing

• Performance analysis of an integrated eye gaze tracking / electromyogram cursor control system

  Craig A. Chin, Armando Barreto, J. Gualberto Cremades, Malek Adjouadi (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  Chin, Barreto, Cremades, and Adjouadi's Assets '07 demonstration paper from Florida International University evaluates a hybrid cursor-control system that combines eye-gaze tracking (EGT) with electromyogram (EMG) input from facial muscles, targeted …

  • eye tracking
  • electromyogram
  • cursor control
  • motor accessibility
  • multimodal input
  • mouse alternative
  • midas touch
  • alternative input
  • biosignals
  • Fitts law

• Equipping designers by simulating the effects of visual and hearing impairments

  Joy Goodman-Deane, Patrick M. Langdon, P. John Clarkson, Nicholas H.M. Caldwell, Ahmed M. Sarhan (2007) — Proceedings of the 9th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '07)

  This short Assets '07 demonstration paper from the Cambridge Engineering Design Centre describes a software simulator built to help designers — especially product and communications designers, not just web designers — understand the effects of common…

  • inclusive design
  • design tools
  • simulation
  • visual impairment
  • hearing impairment
  • empathy tools
  • cataract
  • macular degeneration
  • colour blindness
  • loudness recruitment