Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
61 results found tagged text entry.
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Gaze Typing using Multi-key Selection Technique
This student research competition paper presents a multi-key selection technique for gaze typing that significantly speeds up text input for people with extreme motor disabilities such as full body paralysis. Traditional gaze typing uses dwell time —…
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Validation of a keystroke-level model for a text entry system used by people with disabilities
This paper develops and validates a keystroke-level model (KLM) to predict how much word prediction software improves text generation rates compared to letter-by-letter typing for users with and without disabilities. The keystroke-level model, origin…
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Physical Usability and the Mobile Web
This paper systematically compares the physical usability challenges faced by desktop web users with motor impairments and mobile web users, identifying where their needs overlap and diverge. Trewin first catalogs the interaction landscape for users …
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Scopist: Building a Skill Ladder into Crowd Transcription
This paper introduces Scopist, a JavaScript application designed to teach crowd workers stenotype — a chording-based text entry method used by professional real-time captioners — while they perform audio transcription microtasks. The research address…
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Vocal Programming for People with Upper-Body Motor Impairments
This paper presents VocalIDE, a prototype voice-based integrated development environment (IDE) designed to enable people with upper-body motor impairments to write and edit computer code using speech commands rather than a keyboard. Only 4% of profes…
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The Design Space of Nonvisual Word Completion
This paper presents the first design space for nonvisual word completion on mobile devices, addressing a gap where word completion interfaces — ubiquitous in sighted mobile typing — remain poorly designed for screen reader users. While sighted users …
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Typing Slowly but Screen-Free: Exploring Navigation over Entirely Auditory Keyboards
This paper introduces the concept of "keyflows" — entirely auditory keyboards that operate without a reference screen, enabling blind users to type while untethered from their mobile device. The core problem is that current accessible keyboards requi…
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A Usability Study of Nomon: A Flexible Interface for Single-Switch Users
This paper presents the first usability study of Nomon — an alternative single-switch interface — with actual motor-impaired users, comparing it against the widely used row-column scanning (RCS) method. Single-switch interfaces are essential communic…
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"I stepped into a puddle": Non-Visual Texting in Nomadic Contexts
This study investigates the under-explored practice of texting by people who are blind and visually impaired (BVI) while navigating outdoors — what the authors term "nomadic contexts." While previous research has examined accessible text entry method…
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Experiences of Someone with a Neuromuscular Disease in Operating a PC (and Ways to Successfully Overcome Challenges)
This paper describes the first-person experiences of the first author, who has Friedreich's Ataxia (FA) — a progressive neuromuscular disease causing ataxia of limbs, dysarthria, and muscle weakness — in finding a viable computer input method over 25…