Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Crowd Caption Correction (CCC)

  Rebecca Perkins Harrington, Gregg C. Vanderheiden (2013) — Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '13)

  This short paper presents Crowd Caption Correction (CCC), a feature that allows meeting participants or authorized third parties to correct errors in real-time captions during telecollaboration sessions. Captions are critical for deaf and hard of hea…

  • captioning
  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • crowdsourcing
  • telecollaboration
  • real-time captioning
  • universal design
  • open source
  • transcription
  • videoconferencing

• Real-Time Caption Challenge: C-Print

  Michael S. Stinson, Pamela Francis, Lisa B. Elliot, Donna Easton (2014) — Proceedings of the 16th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility (ASSETS '14)

  This demonstration paper presents C-Print, a typing-based real-time captioning system developed over 25 years by researchers at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID) at Rochester Institute of Technology. C-Print provides communication …

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • real-time captioning
  • communication access
  • transcription
  • mobile accessibility
  • education

• Measuring the Accuracy of Automatic Speech Recognition Solutions

  Korbinian Kuhn, Verena Kersken, Benedikt Reuter, Niklas Egger, Gottfried Zimmermann (2024) — ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This study provides independent, comprehensive benchmarking of 11 common automatic speech recognition (ASR) services to assess their real-world accuracy for accessibility purposes. The research addresses a critical gap: while vendors claim "state-of-…

  • automatic speech recognition
  • ASR
  • captions
  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • transcription
  • accessibility testing
  • word error rate
  • machine learning
  • higher education

• The Effects of Automatic Speech Recognition Quality on Human Transcription Latency

  Yashesh Gaur (2015) — ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper investigates a practical question for accessibility: when does providing automatic speech recognition (ASR) output help human captionists work faster, and when does it slow them down? Converting speech to text is fundamental for making aud…

  • deaf
  • hard of hearing
  • automatic speech recognition
  • ASR
  • captioning
  • crowdsourcing
  • transcription
  • human computation

• Collaborative Creation of Digital Tactile Graphics

  Jens Bornschein, Denise Prescher, Gerhard Weber (2015) — ASSETS '15: Proceedings of the 17th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers & Accessibility

  This paper presents the Tangram Workstation, a collaborative system enabling sighted transcribers and blind reviewers to work together in real-time when creating tactile graphics. The fundamental insight is that current tactile graphics production in…

  • visual impairment
  • tactile graphics
  • collaboration
  • pin-matrix display
  • refreshable braille display
  • transcription
  • assistive technology

• Scopist: Building a Skill Ladder into Crowd Transcription

  Jeffrey P. Bigham, Kristin Williams, Nila Banerjee, John Zimmerman (2017) — Proceedings of the 14th International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper introduces Scopist, a JavaScript application designed to teach crowd workers stenotype — a chording-based text entry method used by professional real-time captioners — while they perform audio transcription microtasks. The research address…

  • crowdsourcing
  • captioning
  • stenography
  • deaf accessibility
  • transcription
  • skill development
  • text entry
  • real-time captioning