Literature Reviews
Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.
74 results found tagged blindness and low vision.
-
Automated Generation of Accessible PDF
This demonstration paper presents AGAP (Automated Generation of Accessible PDF), an open-source tool that automates the generation of accessible PDFs from LaTeX source files while making the authoring process itself accessible to people with vision i…
-
Privacy Considerations of the Visually Impaired with Camera Based Assistive Technologies: Misrepresentation, Impropriety, and Fairness
This paper investigates the privacy concerns of both visually impaired people (PVIs) and sighted bystanders regarding camera-based assistive technologies like smart glasses (Orcam, Aira, eSight) that can identify people and provide demographic and be…
-
TIP-Toy: a tactile, open-source computational toolkit to support learning across visual abilities
This paper presents TIP-Toy (Tactile Inclusive Programming Toy), an open-source educational programming toolkit using physical blocks and music output, designed for children ages 6-11 with mixed visual abilities — from full sight to total blindness. …
-
Deconstructing a "puzzle" of visual experiences of blind and low-vision visual artists
This short paper explores how blind and low-vision visual artists perceive and interpret visual information, with the goal of informing the design of a haptic device that could communicate rich visual details. While existing assistive technologies fo…
-
Ontology-Driven Transformations for PDF Form Accessibility
This demonstration paper presents TransPAc (Transformations for PDF Form Accessibility), an assistive technology that transforms PDF forms into accessible HTML pages so blind screen-reader users can fill them out. PDF forms present multiple accessibi…
-
Visual Content Considered Private by People Who are Blind
This paper presents the first empirical study investigating what types of visual content people who are blind consider private, in the context of their use of Visual Interpreters or Description Services (VIDS) — services like Seeing AI, Aira, Be My E…
-
"I can't name it, but I can perceive it" Conceptual and Operational Design of "Tactile Accuracy" Assisting Tactile Image Cognition
This paper introduces "tactile accuracy," a new evaluation criterion for measuring how well blind people recognize objects in raised-line tactile images, replacing the conventional "naming accuracy" borrowed from visual image recognition research. Th…
-
Travelling more independently: A Requirements Analysis for Accessible Journeys to Unknown Buildings for People with Visual Impairments
This paper presents a comprehensive survey with 106 people with visual impairments (63 blind, 43 low vision; ages 8-77, mean 46; predominantly German) examining how they plan and carry out journeys to unknown buildings. Unlike previous studies that f…
-
Access Differential and Inequitable Access: Inaccessibility for Doctoral Students in Computing
This paper investigates why the pipeline of students with disabilities pursuing doctoral degrees in computing remains so thin, despite increased support at the undergraduate level. In 2018, the NSF reported that only about 3% of math and computer sci…
-
ThermalCane: Exploring Thermotactile Directional Cues on Cane-Grip for Non-Visual Navigation
This paper presents ThermalCane, a white-cane grip augmented with flexible Peltier thermoelectric modules that provide thermal directional cues for blind and visually impaired (BVI) navigation. While existing haptic navigation aids primarily use vibr…