Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Does ChatGPT Generate Accessible Code? Investigating Accessibility Challenges in LLM-Generated Source Code

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Abdulrahman Habib, Ahmed Aljohani, Marcelo Eler, Yunhe Feng (2024) — Proceedings of the 21st International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents the first empirical evaluation of the accessibility of web code generated by ChatGPT (GPT-3.5), examining both how accessible the generated code is and how well the model can fix accessibility violations. The study involved 88 web…

  • web accessibility
  • large language models
  • ChatGPT
  • automated testing
  • WCAG
  • code generation
  • AI accessibility

• LLMs for Accessibility in Mobile Apps: Detection and Repair

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Ahmed Aljohani, Marcelo M. Eler, Abdulrahman Habib, Hyunsook Do (2025) — Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This study evaluates the capacity of three large language models—GPT-4o, Gemini 1.0 Pro, and Llama 3—to detect, classify, and remediate accessibility violations in Android mobile applications. While prior LLM accessibility research has focused primar…

  • mobile accessibility
  • large language models
  • Android accessibility
  • automated accessibility testing
  • accessibility remediation
  • code generation

• When LLM-Generated Code Perpetuates User Interface Accessibility Barriers, How Can We Break the Cycle?

  Alexandra-Elena Gurita, Radu-Daniel Vatavu (2025) — Proceedings of the 22nd International Web for All Conference (W4A 2025)

  This paper evaluates the ability of large language models (LLMs) to generate accessible web user interfaces, comparing ChatGPT (GPT-4-turbo) and Claude (3.5 Haiku) across two prompting strategies: accessibility-agnostic prompts ("Design the homepage …

  • large language models
  • WCAG compliance
  • automated accessibility
  • prompt engineering
  • code generation
  • AI accessibility