Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Reassurance Robots: OCD in the Age of Generative AI

  Grace Barkhuff (2026) — Extended Abstracts of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’26)

  This CHI 2026 Extended Abstracts paper by Grace Barkhuff (Georgia Tech) is an exploratory qualitative study of how generative AI tools, particularly ChatGPT, are reshaping the lived experience of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). OCD is a mental h…

  • OCD
  • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
  • generative AI
  • ChatGPT
  • mental health
  • qualitative research
  • grounded theory
  • Reddit
  • accessibility
  • large language models

• I'm Always a Little Skeptical of It: Verification Practices of Blind Users When Working with Generative AI in Spreadsheets

  Minoli Perera, Swamy Ananthanarayan, Cagatay Goncu, Kim Marriott (2026) — Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This CHI 2026 paper reports a remote study with 12 blind screen reader users (11 totally blind, 1 legally blind) examining how they verify outputs produced by Generative AI tools when working on accuracy-critical spreadsheet tasks. Spreadsheets are p…

  • blindness
  • screen readers
  • Generative AI
  • spreadsheets
  • AI accessibility
  • assistive technology
  • hallucinations
  • verification
  • Microsoft Copilot
  • ChatGPT

• Finding the Signal in the Noise: An Exploratory Study on Assessing the Effectiveness of AI and Accessibility Forums for Blind Users' Support Needs

  Satwik Ram Kodandaram, Jiawei Zhou, Xiaojun Bi, IV Ramakrishnan, Vikas Ashok (2026) — Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '26)

  This exploratory interview study with 14 blind screen-reader users examines how they use accessibility-focused online forums (JFW, NVDA groups, AppleVis, r/Blind) and generative AI tools (ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude) to troubleshoot computer-interaction …

  • blind users
  • screen readers
  • accessibility forums
  • generative AI
  • ChatGPT
  • interview study
  • information foraging
  • troubleshooting
  • assistive technology

• In-Page Navigation Aids for Screen-Reader Users with Automatic Topicalisation and Labelling

  Jorge Sassaki Resende Silva, Paula Christina Figueira Cardoso, Raphael Winckler De Bettio, Daniela Cardoso Tavares, Carlos Alberto Silva, Willian Massami Watanabe, Andre Pimenta Freire (2024) — ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing

  This paper addresses a fundamental challenge for screen reader users: navigating lengthy web documents that lack proper heading structure. When web pages do not include semantic headings or internal navigation links, users must read content linearly,…

  • screen readers
  • navigation
  • natural language processing
  • topic segmentation
  • large language models
  • assistive technology
  • headings
  • BERT
  • ChatGPT

• An Autoethnographic Case Study of Generative Artificial Intelligence's Utility for Accessibility

  Kate S. Glazko, Momona Yamagami, Aashaka Desai, Kelly Avery Mack, Venkatesh Potluri, Xuhai Xu, Jennifer Mankoff (2023) — Proceedings of the 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '23)

  This paper presents an autoethnographic case study in which seven accessibility researchers—both with and without disabilities—explored generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools over a three-month period to assess their potential for supporting …

  • generative AI
  • accessibility
  • autoethnography
  • assistive technology
  • disability
  • ChatGPT
  • large language models

• Does ChatGPT Generate Accessible Code? Investigating Accessibility Challenges in LLM-Generated Source Code

  Wajdi Aljedaani, Abdulrahman Habib, Ahmed Aljohani, Marcelo Eler, Yunhe Feng (2024) — Proceedings of the 21st International Web for All Conference (W4A)

  This paper presents the first empirical evaluation of the accessibility of web code generated by ChatGPT (GPT-3.5), examining both how accessible the generated code is and how well the model can fix accessibility violations. The study involved 88 web…

  • web accessibility
  • large language models
  • ChatGPT
  • automated testing
  • WCAG
  • code generation
  • AI accessibility

• "I look at it as the king of knowledge": How Blind People Use and Understand Generative AI Tools

  Rudaiba Adnin, Maitraye Das (2024) — ASSETS 2024: 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This study investigates how blind individuals use and make sense of mainstream generative AI tools, based on semi-structured interviews with 19 blind participants who regularly use tools like ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Microsoft Copilot, Claude, and Be …

  • generative AI
  • blindness
  • visual impairment
  • ChatGPT
  • mental models
  • AI accessibility
  • screen readers
  • information verification
  • ableism in AI

• Probing the Gaps in ChatGPT's Live Video Chat for Real-World Assistance for People who are Blind or Visually Impaired

  Ruei-Che Chang, Rosiana Natalie, Wenqian Xu, Jovan Zheng Feng Yap, Anhong Guo (2025) — ASSETS 2025: 27th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility

  This paper evaluates ChatGPT's Advanced Voice with Video feature — OpenAI's state-of-the-art live video AI released in December 2024 — as a real-world assistive tool for blind and visually impaired (BVI) individuals. The researchers conducted an in-p…

  • blind
  • visually impaired
  • large multimodal models
  • live video
  • ChatGPT
  • visual question answering
  • assistive technology
  • AI hallucination
  • sycophancy
  • navigation
  • object recognition