Literature Reviews

Reviewed research papers, articles, and publications relevant to digital accessibility.

• Watch It, Don't Imagine It: Creating a Better Caption-Occlusion Metric by Collecting More Ecologically Valid Judgments from DHH Viewers

  Akhter Al Amin, Saad Hassan, Sooyeon Lee, Matt Huenerfauth (2022) — Proceedings of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '22)

  This CHI 2022 paper builds a better automated metric for the severity of caption-occlusion — the problem of closed captions blocking important on-screen visual content during television programming. DHH viewers consistently report that even perfectly…

  • captioning
  • captions
  • caption occlusion
  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • television accessibility
  • video accessibility
  • accessibility metrics
  • accessibility research
  • live captioning

• EPG: Speech Access to Program Guides for People with Disabilities

  Michael Johnston, Amanda J. Stent (2010) — Proceedings of the 12th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2010)

  This demo paper from AT&T Labs Research presents an Electronic Program Guide (EPG) prototype that uses speech input and text-to-speech output to make television listing navigation accessible to people with visual disabilities or limited hand mobility…

  • speech recognition
  • voice interface
  • television accessibility
  • visual impairment
  • motor impairment
  • assistive technology
  • text-to-speech

• Reading in Multimodal Environments: Assessing Legibility and Accessibility of Typography for Television

  Penelope Allen, Judith Garman, Ian Calvert, Jane Murison (2011) — The Proceedings of the 13th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS)

  This demonstration paper from BBC Research & Development explores the legibility and accessibility of typography on television, an area that had received surprisingly little research attention despite the increasing complexity of text-based content o…

  • typography
  • readability
  • multimedia accessibility
  • low vision
  • cognitive accessibility
  • aging
  • television accessibility
  • visual design

• Augmenting social media accessibility

  Roberto Borrino, Marco Furini, Marco Roccetti (2009) — Proceedings of the 2009 International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibililty (W4A)

  This paper presents SOMFA (SOcial Media For All), an architecture that transforms web-based social media content into multimodal audio/video presentations suitable for television sets. The system addresses the growing social divide created by social …

  • social media
  • digital divide
  • aging
  • content adaptation
  • text-to-speech
  • multimodal interaction
  • television accessibility
  • web syndication

• Caption-Occlusion Severity Judgments across Live-Television Genres from Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing Viewers

  Akhter Al Amin, Saad Hassan, Matt Huenerfauth (2021) — Proceedings of the 18th International Web for All Conference (W4A '21)

  This paper addresses a largely overlooked dimension of caption quality for Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewers: the problem of captions occluding important onscreen visual content during live television broadcasts. While existing caption quality m…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • captions
  • television accessibility
  • caption placement
  • media accessibility
  • user research

• Who is speaking: Unpacking In-text Speaker Identification Preference of Viewers who are Deaf and Hard of Hearing while Watching Live Captioned Television Program

  Akhter Al Amin, Joseph Mendis, Raja Kushalnagar, Christian Vogler, Matt Huenerfauth (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This study systematically investigates how the number of speakers onscreen in live television programs affects Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewers' preferences for different in-text speaker identification methods in captions. Live TV news and inte…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • captioning
  • live captioning
  • television accessibility
  • caption quality
  • caption customization
  • media accessibility
  • user preferences
  • Deaf community

• Understanding How Deaf and Hard of Hearing Viewers Visually Explore Captioned Live TV News

  Akhter Al Amin, Saad Hassan, Sooyeon Lee, Matt Huenerfauth (2023) — Proceedings of the 20th International Web for All Conference (W4A '23)

  This study investigates how Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) viewers distribute their visual attention across different information regions on screen while watching captioned live television news. More than 360 million people worldwide are DHH, and man…

  • deaf and hard of hearing
  • captioning
  • eye tracking
  • television accessibility
  • caption placement
  • gaze behavior
  • live captioning
  • news consumption
  • attention
  • caption quality metrics

• I Wish You Could Make the Camera Stand Still: Envisioning Media Accessibility Interventions with People with Aphasia

  Alexandre Nevsky, Filip Bircanin, Madeline N. Cruice, Stephanie Wilson, Elena Simperl, Timothy Neate (2024) — Proceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS 2024)

  This paper presents the first study aimed at envisioning accessibility interventions for audiovisual media specifically designed for people with aphasia — a language disorder typically caused by stroke that affects the production and comprehension of…

  • aphasia
  • audiovisual media
  • media accessibility
  • television accessibility
  • content personalisation
  • participatory design
  • envisioning
  • diegetic prototypes
  • complex communication needs
  • subtitles
  • content domestication