Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
42 results found in AI.
- HyDE (Hypothetical Document Embeddings)
- A query-expansion technique for retrieval-augmented generation in which an LLM is first asked to generate a hypothetical answer to the user's question, and that hypothetical answer — rather than (or a…
- Jailbreak (LLM Jailbreak, AI Jailbreak)
- In the context of generative AI, a class of adversarial input designed to bypass a model's safety rules, instruction-following constraints, or content policy — for example, instructions that tell the …
- LLM (Large Language Model)
- A large neural network trained on enormous volumes of text (and often code and images) to predict and generate natural language. Modern LLMs such as GPT-5, Claude, and Gemini can follow instructions, …
- LLM Agent (Generative Agent, Task-Executing Agent)
- A software system built around a large language model that autonomously perceives state, plans actions, executes them against an environment (a web page, a mobile app, a shell, a UI), and reflects on …
- MLLM (Multimodal LLM, Multimodal Large Language Model)
- A large language model extended to accept and reason over multiple input modalities — typically images and text, and sometimes audio or video — in addition to producing natural-language output. Exampl…
- Model Cards (Model card)
- Short structured documents, proposed by Mitchell et al. (2019), that accompany a machine learning model and report its intended uses, performance across relevant demographic subgroups, training data, …
- Music GenAI (Generative Music AI, AI Music Generation)
- Generative AI systems that produce musical output — melodies, full songs, instrumental accompaniment, or vocal tracks — from text prompts, seed audio, or structured parameters. Examples include Suno, …
- Neural Vocoder
- A deep-learning model that synthesises audio waveforms from intermediate acoustic representations such as mel-spectrograms or discrete speech units. Examples include HiFi-GAN, WaveNet, WaveGlow, and S…
- ORBIT Dataset (Object Recognition for Blind Image Training)
- A disability-first machine learning dataset for teachable object recognition, contributed by people who are blind or have low vision. The original ORBIT dataset (Massiceti et al., 2021) contains 3,822…
- Personalized Object Recognition (Teachable Object Recognition)
- A class of computer vision systems that allow an individual user — typically someone who is blind or has low vision — to train their device to recognize a small set of personally relevant objects (a s…
- Prompt Injection (Indirect Prompt Injection, Prompt Engineering Attack)
- A technique — originally an LLM security concern — in which carefully crafted instructions embedded in a user prompt or referenced content override the model's intended behaviour, constraints, or safe…
- RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation)
- An AI architecture pattern that pairs a large language model with an external knowledge store (typically a vector index of text chunks) so that, for each user query, relevant documents are retrieved f…
- Red Teaming (Generative Red-Teaming, AI Red Teaming)
- A structured evaluation practice in which an adversarial team probes a system — traditionally a network or application, increasingly an AI model or conversational agent — with realistic attack scenari…
- Red-teaming (Red team testing)
- A structured adversarial-testing practice in which a dedicated team deliberately attempts to break, manipulate, or provoke harmful outputs from a system — originally from military strategy, now widely…
- Replika
- Replika is a commercial AI companion app, launched by Luka Inc. in 2017, that offers users a customisable digital avatar designed to 'develop its own personality' through conversational interaction. U…
- Reverse Privacy Paradox
- The reverse privacy paradox is a pattern, described by Zhang and colleagues in research on LLM-based conversational agents, in which users appear to disregard privacy concerns in the moment of use whi…
- Robodebt (Online Compliance Intervention)
- An automated debt-recovery scheme run by Services Australia (Centrelink) from 2016 to 2020, which used income-averaging algorithms to calculate alleged welfare overpayments and issue hundreds of thous…
- Speech-to-Speech (S2S, Speech-to-Speech Conversion)
- A class of systems that transform one speech signal directly into another — for example, converting atypical input (whispered, dysarthric, accented, or cross-lingual speech) into clear, intelligible o…
- Suno (Suno AI, Suno v3.5)
- A commercial generative AI platform that produces full songs — lyrics, vocals, instrumentation — from short natural-language prompts specifying genre, mood, tempo, and lyrical content. Suno is widely …
- Sycophancy (AI Sycophancy, Sycophantic AI)
- A behavioral tendency in large language models to agree with, flatter, or validate the user's stated views and self-assessments rather than offer accurate or critical feedback - even when the user is …