Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
212 results found in Web Accessibility.
- Google Lighthouse (Lighthouse)
- An open-source automated tool developed by Google for auditing web pages across multiple quality dimensions including performance, accessibility, best practices, and SEO. Lighthouse's accessibility au…
- Graphical Semantic Enhancement (Semantic Graphics, Labeled Graphics)
- The practice of enriching graphical objects with meaningful text labels, descriptions, and metadata so that they can be understood non-visually. In accessible drawing and diagramming tools, graphical …
- HTML Table (Data Table, Web Table)
- An HTML table is a structured element in web markup used to organize data into rows and columns. Tables are created using the table, tr (table row), th (table header), and td (table data) elements. Fo…
- Heading Navigation (Navigate by Headings)
- A screen reader navigation strategy that allows users to jump between heading elements (h1-h6) on a webpage, bypassing intermediate content to quickly find sections of interest. Heading navigation is …
- Heuristic Transcoding (Rule-based Transcoding)
- Heuristic transcoding is the automated transformation of web content to improve accessibility, device compatibility, or readability using a fixed set of predefined rules that inspect the page structur…
- Holistic Accessibility (Holistic Approach to Accessibility)
- Holistic accessibility is an approach that considers web accessibility not as an isolated technical concern but as one factor within a broader context including usability, user experience, audience ch…
- Home Page Reader (IBM Home Page Reader, HPR)
- A talking web browser developed by IBM Japan in the late 1990s, designed specifically for blind and low-vision users. Home Page Reader combined a web rendering engine with the ProTalker text-to-speech…
- Human Interaction Proof (HIP, Human Interactive Proof)
- A challenge-response test designed to distinguish human users from automated software (bots). Human Interaction Proofs are the technical term for CAPTCHAs and similar verification systems. While effec…
- IAccessible2 (IA2)
- An open accessibility API specification originally developed by IBM and donated to the Linux Foundation. IAccessible2 extends Microsoft Active Accessibility (MSAA) to support the richer semantic infor…
- IBM Home Page Reader (Home Page Reader, HPR)
- IBM Home Page Reader (HPR) was a pioneering voice browser developed by IBM that provided audio-based web browsing for people with visual disabilities. Unlike screen readers that operate as an overlay …
- Ideographic Characters (Ideographs, Logograms, CJK Characters, Han Characters)
- Ideographic characters are written symbols that represent a word, morpheme, or concept rather than an individual sound, as used in Chinese (Hanzi), Japanese (Kanji), and historically Korean (Hanja). B…
- Image Accessibility (Visual Content Accessibility)
- The practice of making images perceivable and understandable to people who cannot see them, primarily through alternative text descriptions. Image accessibility is a foundational requirement of WCAG (…
- Information Overload (Cognitive Overload, Information Overwhelm)
- The state of being overwhelmed by the volume of information presented, making it difficult to identify relevant content, make decisions, or complete tasks effectively. In web accessibility contexts, i…
- Information Seeking (Information Retrieval Behavior, Information Search)
- The process of actively looking for specific information to answer a question, complete a task, or satisfy an information need. Information seeking on the web involves formulating queries, navigating …
- Information wayfinding (Digital wayfinding, Information navigation)
- The process of orienting oneself within and navigating through digital information spaces such as websites, applications, or documents, analogous to physical wayfinding through buildings or cities. Fo…
- Interface Consistency (Consistent Navigation, Consistent Identification, UI Consistency)
- Interface consistency is a design principle requiring that navigational mechanisms, visual layouts, and interactive components appear and behave in the same way across different pages, screens, or app…
- Internet Archive (Wayback Machine, Web Archive)
- A non-profit digital library founded in 1996 that archives web pages, books, audio, video, and software for free public access. Its Wayback Machine service stores historical snapshots of websites, all…
- JIS X 8341-3 (JIS X 8341, Japanese Industrial Standard for Web Accessibility)
- JIS X 8341-3 is the Japanese Industrial Standard for web content accessibility, first published in 2004 by the Japanese Standards Association. The standard was developed with attention to harmonizatio…
- Keyboard Navigation (Keyboard Access, Keyboard Operability)
- The ability to use all features and functions of a website, application, or software using only the keyboard, without requiring a mouse or other pointing device. Keyboard navigation is essential for p…
- Landmark Navigation (Navigate by Landmarks, ARIA Landmark Navigation)
- A screen reader navigation strategy that allows users to jump between major structural regions of a webpage defined by ARIA landmark roles (banner, navigation, main, complementary, contentinfo, search…