Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

840 results found in assistive technology.

Smartwatch (Smart Watch, Wrist-Worn Device)
A wrist-worn computing device with a small touchscreen display that provides notifications, health tracking, and app functionality beyond timekeeping. Smartwatches present significant accessibility ch…
Social Acceptance (Public acceptance, Bystander acceptance)
In assistive technology research, the degree to which bystanders and the broader public accept the presence and use of a device in shared spaces — and the degree to which the user feels comfortable us…
Social Playware (Interactive Playware, Technology-Mediated Play)
Intelligent hardware and software systems designed to create playful interactive experiences that encourage learning, social interaction, and communication between users. In accessibility and therapeu…
Social Robot (Companion Robot, Assistive Social Robot)
A robot designed to interact with people in socially meaningful ways, using verbal communication, gestures, and responsive behaviors to engage users. In accessibility contexts, social robots like Soft…
Socially Assistive Robotics (SAR)
Socially assistive robotics is a field of robotics focused on designing robots that assist people through social interaction rather than physical manipulation. SAR robots engage users through conversa…
Socio-Technical Aspirations
Individual- or community-driven ambition and desire to own or use a specific technology for personal benefit or societal acceptance or both. This concept, introduced by Sharma et al. (2020) as an exte…
Sociotechnical Identity
The aspect of personal identity that is constructed and expressed through the technologies a person uses. In assistive technology research, sociotechnical identity refers to how AT serves as a vehicle…
Sonification (Auditory display, Data sonification)
The use of non-speech audio to represent information, data, or environmental characteristics. In accessibility, sonification provides an alternative or complement to visual displays, encoding spatial,…
Sound Amplifier (Google Sound Amplifier)
An Android accessibility feature that uses the smartphone's microphone and headphones to amplify and filter ambient sounds in real-time, making it easier for hard of hearing users to hear conversation…
Sound Awareness (Sound Awareness Technology, Environmental Sound Awareness)
The ability to perceive, identify, and respond to sounds in one's environment, and the assistive technologies designed to support this ability for Deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Sound awareness…
Sound Communication Technology (SCT)
Technologies designed to communicate aspects of sound through non-auditory sensory modalities, enabling access to audio information for people who are d/Deaf or hard of hearing. Examples include close…
Sound Masking (Acoustic Masking, Noise Masking)
A technique that introduces ambient background sounds to reduce the perceptual prominence of unwanted or disruptive noises, rather than blocking them entirely. Originally used in architectural acousti…
Sound Pressure Level (SPL, Decibel Level)
A logarithmic measure of sound intensity expressed in decibels (dB), representing the pressure of a sound wave relative to a reference level. In accessibility, SPL is critical for designing auditory f…
Sound awareness (Sound recognition, Environmental sound detection)
Technology that detects and identifies sounds in the user's environment and conveys that information through alternative modalities such as visual notifications or haptic alerts. For deaf and hard-of-…
Soundbeam
A touchless digital musical instrument that uses ultrasonic sensors to detect movement in space and convert it into sound. Soundbeam allows users to create music through body movements, gestures, or t…
Space compaction (Horizontal compaction, White space reduction)
An accessibility technique used in screen magnification software and browser extensions that reduces excessive white space and adjusts column widths to minimize horizontal scrolling. For low-vision us…
Spatial Assessment (Spatial Descriptor)
The use of spatial attributes such as distance, dimensions, and location to describe objects in a visual scene. Research with blind users has found that spatial assessment descriptors are problematic …
Spatial Audio (3D Audio, Spatialised Sound, Binaural Audio)
Audio technology that creates the perception of sound coming from specific locations in three-dimensional space around the listener, using techniques such as head-related transfer functions (HRTFs), b…
Spatial Audio (3D Audio, Binaural Audio)
Audio technology that creates the perception of sound coming from specific locations in three-dimensional space, using techniques such as binaural recording, head-related transfer functions, and multi…
Spatialized Audio (3D Audio, Spatial Sound, Immersive Audio)
Spatialized audio is a technology that creates the perception of sound coming from specific locations in three-dimensional space around the listener, using techniques such as head-related transfer fun…