Glossary

Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.

840 results found in assistive technology.

Voice Output Communication Aid (VOCA, Speech Output Device)
An electronic augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) device that produces synthesized or digitized speech output when a user selects symbols, words, or phrases. VOCAs range from simple singl…
Voice Recognition (Speech Recognition, Voice Control, Voice Input)
Technology that identifies and processes human speech to convert it into text or execute commands. Voice recognition serves as a critical assistive technology for people with motor disabilities who ca…
Voice Vista
A free audio-based navigation application for blind and low-vision users that uses 3D spatial audio to announce nearby streets, intersections, points of interest, and set beacons as the user walks. Vo…
Voice and Video-Capable Language Model (VVLM, Multimodal AI Assistant, Video-Capable LLM)
A large language model that can process real-time or near-real-time video and audio input alongside text, enabling conversational interaction about the visual world. VVLMs represent a shift from stati…
Voice banking (Voice preservation, Speech banking)
The process of recording and storing samples of a person's natural voice so that a synthetic version can be created for future use with text-to-speech systems. Voice banking is particularly important …
Voice navigation (Voice control, Voice input)
An assistive technology that allows users to navigate and interact with digital content using spoken commands rather than a mouse, keyboard, or touchscreen. Voice navigation systems such as Dragon Nat…
Voice prosthesis (speech prosthesis, voice restoration device)
A device that enables speech production for people who have lost their natural voice, typically due to laryngectomy or severe laryngeal damage. Voice prostheses include external devices like electrola…
Voice-Activated Personal Assistant (VAPA, Voice Assistant, Virtual Assistant)
AI-powered software that responds to spoken commands to perform tasks such as scheduling, setting reminders, searching information, and controlling devices. Examples include Siri, Alexa, Google Assist…
Voice-First Design (Voice-First Interface, Audio-First Design)
A design approach for applications and interfaces where voice is the primary input and output modality, with visual elements being secondary or absent. Voice-first design is particularly relevant for …
Voice-activated personal assistant (VAPA, Smart assistant, Virtual assistant, Voice assistant)
An AI-powered software agent that responds to voice commands to perform tasks such as answering questions, controlling smart home devices, managing schedules, and reading content aloud. For people wit…
VoiceOver
The built-in screen reader provided by Apple across macOS, iOS, iPadOS, watchOS, and tvOS. VoiceOver is notable for being deeply integrated into the operating system rather than being a separate appli…
VoiceXML (Voice Extensible Markup Language, VXML)
VoiceXML (Voice Extensible Markup Language) is a W3C standard markup language for creating voice-based user interfaces, particularly interactive voice response (IVR) systems and voice browsers. VoiceX…
VoxLens
An open-source JavaScript plug-in developed at the University of Washington that improves the accessibility of online data visualizations for screen-reader users through a multimodal approach. VoxLens…
Wearable Assistive Technology (Wearable AT, Assistive Wearables)
Electronic devices worn on the body—such as smartwatches, smart glasses, rings, or headbands—that provide assistive functionality for people with disabilities. Wearable assistive technology leverages …
Wearable Computing (Wearable Technology, Wearables)
Electronic devices and computing systems designed to be worn on the body, integrated into clothing, or carried as accessories. Wearable computers can continuously monitor the user and their environmen…
Wearable Immersive Virtual Reality (WIVR, Wearable VR)
A category of virtual reality systems designed to be worn on the body, typically using lightweight, portable headsets such as smartphone-based viewers (e.g., Google Cardboard). WIVR prioritizes afford…
Wearable Sensing (Wearable Sensors, Wearable Monitoring)
The use of body-worn devices such as smartwatches, wristbands, and biosensor patches to continuously monitor physiological signals including heart rate, electrodermal activity, skin temperature, blood…
Wearable Technology (Wearables, Wearable Devices)
Electronic devices designed to be worn on the body, such as smartwatches, fitness trackers, smart glasses, and haptic wristbands. In accessibility contexts, wearable technology offers unique advantage…
Web Automation (Browser Automation, Web Macro)
The process of automating browsing actions on behalf of a user, such as filling forms, navigating between pages, clicking links, or extracting content. Web automation can be achieved through macros (p…
Web Proxy (HTTP Proxy, Intermediary, Edge Service, Proxy Server)
A web proxy (or intermediary) is a server that sits between a user's browser and the origin web server, intercepting and potentially modifying HTTP requests and responses as they pass through. In the …