Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
17 results found in data science.
- Accessibility dataset (Disability-inclusive dataset, Accessible benchmark)
- A publicly available research dataset that includes data collected from people with disabilities, enabling algorithm development and benchmarking on representative populations rather than exclusively …
- Benchmark dataset (Evaluation dataset, Test benchmark)
- A standardized dataset used to evaluate and compare the performance of AI models, algorithms, or systems against established baselines. In accessibility, the absence of benchmark datasets that include…
- Computational Notebook (Jupyter Notebook, Data Science Notebook, IPython Notebook)
- A computational notebook is an interactive document that combines executable code, rich text, data visualizations, and narrative explanations in a single shareable format. Widely used in data science,…
- Data Descriptor (Training Data Descriptor)
- An automated metric or feedback mechanism that characterizes the quality or properties of a dataset, particularly training images used in machine learning. In accessibility research, data descriptors …
- Data Representativeness (Dataset Representativeness, Demographic Representativeness)
- The degree to which a dataset reflects the diversity of the population it is intended to serve, particularly across demographic dimensions such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, disability, and socioec…
- Data Stewardship (Dataset Stewardship, Data Governance)
- The responsible management of data throughout its lifecycle, including decisions about collection, storage, access, sharing, and disposal. In accessibility research, participatory data stewardship inv…
- Dataset Bias (Training Data Bias, Data Representation Bias, Sampling Bias)
- A systematic skew in the composition of training data used to build machine learning models, resulting in models that perform well for overrepresented groups but poorly for underrepresented ones. In a…
- Datasheets for datasets (Dataset documentation, Data cards)
- A standardized documentation framework proposed by Gebru et al. that accompanies machine learning datasets with information about their creation, composition, intended use, and limitations. For access…
- Differential privacy (DP)
- A mathematical framework for sharing statistical information about a dataset while providing provable guarantees that individual records cannot be identified. In accessibility contexts, differential p…
- IncluSet
- A dataset surfacing repository created by researchers at the University of Maryland that catalogs and organizes accessibility datasets — datasets sourced from people with disabilities and older adults…
- Information Extraction (IE, Data Extraction)
- The process of automatically identifying and retrieving structured information from unstructured or semi-structured data sources. In the context of accessibility and data visualization, information ex…
- LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM Network)
- A type of recurrent neural network architecture designed to learn long-term dependencies in sequential data by using special gating mechanisms that control the flow of information through the network.…
- Re-identification risk (De-anonymization risk, Data re-identification)
- The possibility that an individual can be identified from supposedly anonymized data by combining multiple data points or matching against external datasets. People with disabilities face heightened r…
- Topic Modeling (LDA, Latent Dirichlet Allocation)
- A machine learning technique that automatically discovers abstract themes or topics within a collection of documents by analyzing patterns of word co-occurrence. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is t…
- Training Data (Training Set, Training Dataset)
- The collection of labeled examples used to teach a machine learning model to perform a specific task. The quality, quantity, and diversity of training data directly determine how well a model will per…
- Usage analytics (Telemetry, Interaction logging)
- The collection and analysis of data about how users interact with a technology system in real-world settings, including session duration, feature usage frequency, settings preferences, and interaction…
- Web Mining (Web Data Mining, Web Content Mining)
- The application of data mining techniques to extract and discover useful information from web data, including web content, structure, and usage patterns. In accessibility evaluation, web mining can be…