Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
206 results found in education.
- Errorless Learning (Errorless Teaching, Error-Free Learning)
- Errorless learning is a teaching methodology that structures tasks so that learners are guided toward correct responses and prevented from making mistakes during the learning process. In accessible te…
- Expanded Core Curriculum (ECC)
- A specialized curriculum for blind or visually impaired (BVI) students that supplements traditional academics with skills that sighted students typically learn through observation. The ECC covers nine…
- Experiential Learning Theory (ELT)
- An educational theory emphasizing the value of hands-on experiences and reflection in learning. Developed by David Kolb, it posits that effective learning occurs through a cycle of concrete experience…
- Experiential learning (Learning by doing, Experience-based learning)
- Experiential learning is a pedagogical approach in which knowledge and skills are acquired through direct, concrete experience rather than passive instruction. Grounded in theories by Kolb and others,…
- Extended Digital Scaffolding (WhatsApp-Based Scaffolding)
- A new zone in the Digital Scaffolding Framework that extends classroom-based digital skills training through ongoing support via digital communication platforms such as WhatsApp groups. In this zone, …
- Extraneous Cognitive Load (Extraneous Load)
- One of three types of cognitive load identified by cognitive load theory, referring to the unnecessary mental effort caused by poor instructional design or interface presentation rather than the learn…
- FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, Buckley Amendment)
- A United States federal law enacted in 1974 that protects the privacy of student education records. FERPA gives parents and eligible students (those over 18 or attending postsecondary education) right…
- Family-Centered Learning (Family-Centered Education)
- An educational approach that actively involves family members in the learning process, recognizing that home environments and family participation significantly impact learning outcomes, often more th…
- Flexible Learning (Flexible Instruction, Flexible Pedagogy)
- An educational approach that provides students with choices in how, when, where, and at what pace they learn. Flexible learning may include options such as recorded lectures that can be watched at var…
- Gaokao (National College Entrance Examination)
- The national college entrance examination in mainland China, taken annually by high school students to determine admission to Chinese universities. Since 2017, the Chinese Ministry of Education has fo…
- Gaze Switching (Visual Attention Switching, Split Attention)
- The act of shifting visual focus between two or more information sources, such as between captions and presentation slides in a classroom, or between a sign language interpreter and a speaker. Gaze sw…
- Generalization (Skill Generalization, Transfer of Learning)
- The ability to apply a skill or concept learned in one setting, with one set of materials, or with one person, to new settings, materials, or people. Generalization is a major focus in autism educatio…
- Germane Cognitive Load (Germane Load)
- One of three types of cognitive load identified by cognitive load theory, referring to the mental effort devoted to processing, constructing, and automating knowledge schemas — the productive cognitiv…
- Hand-Over-Hand Technique (Hand-Over-Hand Guidance, Hand-Over-Hand Training)
- A training and communication method commonly used with individuals who are blind or have visual impairments, where a trainer places their hands over the learner's hands to physically guide them throug…
- Hand-Under-Hand Technique (Hand-Under-Hand Guidance, Hand-Under-Hand Training)
- A training and communication method used with individuals who are blind or have visual impairments, where the learner places their hands on top of the trainer's hands to feel the movements being demon…
- Higher Education Accessibility (University Accessibility, Postsecondary Accessibility)
- The policies, practices, accommodations, and technologies that ensure students with disabilities can participate fully and equitably in college and university programs. Higher education accessibility …
- IEP (Individualized Education Program, Individualized Education Plan)
- A legally mandated written plan in the United States, developed annually by a team including parents, teachers, and specialists, that sets out the specific educational goals, services, accommodations,…
- Immersive Storytelling (Interactive Narrative, VR Storytelling)
- A narrative approach that places users inside a story environment, allowing them to experience and interact with the narrative through spatial presence, sensory engagement, and active participation. I…
- Impostor Syndrome (Impostor Phenomenon, Impostorism)
- A psychological pattern in which individuals doubt their accomplishments and fear being exposed as fraudulent despite evidence of competence. For people with disabilities, impostor syndrome is often i…
- Incidental Learning (Observational Learning, Informal Learning)
- Knowledge and skills acquired without deliberate instruction, typically through casual observation of the environment and other people. An estimated 80% of early childhood learning occurs incidentally…