Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
77 results found in ethics.
- Participant Verification (Eligibility Verification, Screening Verification)
- The process of confirming that research participants genuinely meet a study's eligibility criteria, particularly regarding disability status. Verification is complicated by multiple factors: different…
- Paternalism (Paternalistic Approach)
- The practice of making decisions for others based on the assumption that one knows what is best for them, without adequately consulting or empowering them to make their own choices. In disability cont…
- Perturbation testing (Counterfactual testing, Template-based testing)
- A bias evaluation methodology for NLP models that systematically substitutes identity-related terms (e.g., disability phrases) in otherwise identical sentences to measure whether the model produces di…
- Privacy Threat Model (Privacy Threat Analysis, Privacy Risk Assessment)
- A systematic process for identifying, classifying, and evaluating potential privacy risks that a technology system may pose to its users. Privacy threat modeling extends security-focused frameworks (l…
- Private Visual Content (PVC, Visual Privacy)
- Private visual content (PVC) refers to visual information in images or videos that the person depicted or sharing the content considers private and would not want publicly disclosed. For people who ar…
- Re-identification risk (De-anonymization risk, Data re-identification)
- The possibility that an individual can be identified from supposedly anonymized data by combining multiple data points or matching against external datasets. People with disabilities face heightened r…
- Representational harm (Representational bias)
- A category of harm caused by AI systems that perpetuate or amplify negative stereotypes, demeaning portrayals, or erasure of particular social groups, distinct from allocative harms that deny resource…
- Research Fatigue (Participant Fatigue, Community Research Fatigue)
- The exhaustion or disengagement experienced by individuals or communities that are repeatedly recruited for research studies, particularly when they see little benefit or change resulting from their p…
- Research reciprocity (Participatory reciprocity)
- The principle that research participation should be a mutually beneficial exchange in which participants gain value — such as social connection, learning opportunities, a sense of contributing to know…
- Safeguarding (Abuse Prevention, Protection from Abuse)
- The set of policies, practices, and measures designed to protect vulnerable individuals — including people with disabilities, children, and older adults — from abuse, neglect, and exploitation. Safegu…
- Self-Determination (Autonomy, Self-Determination Theory)
- The right and ability of individuals to make choices and decisions about their own lives, bodies, and futures without external coercion or control. In disability rights, self-determination is a core p…
- Sensory erasure (Sensory exclusion)
- The systematic marginalization or elimination of non-visual sensory modalities in the design of technologies, interfaces, and information systems. Sensory erasure occurs when platforms treat visual in…
- Surveillance technology (Surveillance tech, Monitoring technology)
- Technologies that collect, analyse, and track data about individuals' behaviours, locations, bodies, or communications. In disability contexts, surveillance technology raises justice concerns because …
- Techno-Solutionism (Technological Solutionism, Tech Solutionism)
- The belief that technology can solve complex social, political, and cultural problems, often without addressing underlying systemic causes. In accessibility, techno-solutionism manifests as the assump…
- Tokenism (Token Inclusion)
- The practice of including a small number of individuals from underrepresented groups primarily for the appearance of inclusivity rather than for meaningful participation or impact. In accessibility re…
- Transparency in AI (AI Transparency, Algorithmic Transparency)
- The principle that AI systems should clearly communicate how they work, what data they use, where processing occurs, and what their limitations are. In accessibility contexts, blind users have express…
- Vulnerable population research (Research with vulnerable groups)
- Research involving participants who may have diminished capacity to provide fully informed consent or who are at elevated risk of harm, including older adults with cognitive decline, people with demen…