Glossary
Searchable terminology from accessibility, web standards, and related fields.
6660 terms — page 164 of 333
- Keypad (Numeric Keypad, Phone Keypad, Small Keypad)
- A keypad is a compact input device with a small number of keys, typically arranged in a 3x4 grid (phone keypads) or other constrained layouts. In accessibility contexts, keypads are relevant both as t…
- Keystroke Saving (KS, Keystroke Reduction)
- A metric used to evaluate word prediction and word completion systems, measuring the percentage of keystrokes that a user can avoid by accepting system predictions instead of typing each character ind…
- Keystroke Saving Rate (KSR, Keystroke Savings)
- A metric measuring the efficiency of text prediction systems by calculating the percentage of keystrokes saved compared to typing the same text on a standard keyboard without prediction. A KSR of 50% …
- Keystroke Savings (KS, Key Savings)
- A metric used to evaluate word prediction systems, measuring the percentage of keystrokes eliminated by accepting predictions compared to typing the full text character by character. While keystroke s…
- Keystroke-Level Model (KLM)
- A simplified predictive model from human-computer interaction research, originally developed by Card, Moran, and Newell, that estimates task completion time by decomposing user interactions into eleme…
- Keystrokes Per Character (KSPC)
- A metric used to evaluate the efficiency of text-entry methods by measuring the average number of keystrokes required to produce each character of text. A lower KSPC indicates a more efficient input m…
- Keyword Extraction (Key Term Extraction, Automatic Keyword Extraction)
- A natural language processing technique that automatically identifies the most important or representative words and phrases in a document. In accessibility, keyword extraction can provide blind users…
- Keyword Reading Strategy (Content Word Strategy)
- The keyword reading strategy is a sentence-comprehension approach in which a reader focuses primarily on high-content words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs) to derive the meaning of a sentence,…
- Kinaesthetic Perception (Kinesthetic Perception, Kinaesthesia, Kinesthesia, Proprioception)
- The sensory awareness of the position, movement, and force of body parts, derived from receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints. In the context of haptic technology and accessibility, kinaesthetic pe…
- Kinematic Chain Theory (Guiard's Kinematic Chain, Asymmetric Division of Labor)
- A theoretical framework developed by Yves Guiard describing how the two hands work together in bimanual tasks. The theory distinguishes between symmetric interactions (both hands perform the same move…
- Kinesiology (Human kinetics, Movement science)
- The scientific study of human body movement, encompassing biomechanics, anatomy, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience as they relate to physical activity. In accessibility contexts, kinesiology pr…
- Kinesthetic (Kinaesthetic)
- Kinesthetic refers to the sense of body movement, limb position and muscular effort, arising from receptors in muscles, tendons and joints and closely related to proprioception. In accessibility and i…
- Kinesthetic Awareness (Kinesthesia, Movement Awareness)
- The conscious perception of body position, movement, and muscle tension derived from internal sensory receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints. For sighted people, kinesthetic awareness is reinforced…
- Kinesthetic Feedback (Kinesthetic Haptics, Force Feedback)
- A form of haptic feedback that engages the body’s sense of limb position, movement, and applied force — the kinesthetic sense mediated by receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints — rather than cutane…
- Kinesthetic Interaction (Kinesthetic input, Embodied interaction)
- Interaction that uses whole-body movement, gesture, or controller-tracked limb motion — as opposed to discrete button presses — to drive a computing system. Kinesthetic interaction is central to exten…
- Kinesthetic Perception (Kinesthesia, Proprioceptive Perception)
- The sensory ability to perceive the position, movement, and forces acting on one's body and limbs through receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints. Kinesthetic perception encompasses awareness of lim…
- Kinesthetic Perception (Kinesthesia, Kinesthetic Sense, Kinesthetic Feedback)
- The sensory awareness of body position, movement, and force through receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints. In assistive technology, kinesthetic feedback is a component of haptic interactio…
- Kinesthetics (Kinaesthetics, Kinesthesia, Kinesthetic sense)
- The sense of body position, movement, and muscular effort derived from receptors in muscles, tendons, and joints. Kinesthetics is closely related to — and often used interchangeably with — propriocept…
- Kiosk Accessibility (Self-Service Kiosk Accessibility, Interactive Kiosk Accessibility)
- The practice of designing and implementing self-service kiosks and public digital terminals so they can be used by people with a wide range of abilities, including those with visual, hearing, motor, a…
- Knee Buckling (Knee giving way)
- A sudden loss of knee stability during weight-bearing in which the knee flexes involuntarily, often causing the person to stumble or fall. Knee buckling is commonly caused by quadriceps weakness, neur…